Synthesis Essay That Compares the Short Story “All the Troubles of the World” by Isaac Asimov to Minority Report

Today we keep on depending on PCs and innovation increasingly more all through our every day lives. PCs are likewise turning out to be progressively amazing and increasingly shrewd. Anyway as PCs proceed with take on increasingly more of our occupations they are additionally getting progressively defenseless for blunders. â€Å"All the difficulties of the world† by Isaac Asimov and â€Å"Minority Report† were both about PCs that are totally different. Anyway the two of them had significant defects in their frameworks. The PCs frameworks in â€Å"All the difficulties of the world† by Isaac Asimov and Minority Report were both very different.In â€Å"All the difficulties of the world† by Isaac Asimov the whole world is constrained by Multivac. Multivac is answerable for earth's economy, forestalling wrongdoing and records each and every well established reality about every earthman. Multivac additionally goes about as a type of god. Offering direction to its energetic clients in return for each and every one of their contemplations. Anyway in â€Å"Minority Report† the PC depends vigorously on human information. Truth be told the whole framework depends on three talented people called Pre-Cogs. The Pre-Cogs have an uncommon capacity to see murders occurring in the future.They got this unique capacity from their folks who were dependent on an exceptionally amazing medication. Not at all like Multivac, the Pre-Cog framework depends vigorously on human info. The framework expects experts to interpret the Pre-Cogs dreams and make sense of the area of the homicide. The Pre-Cog framework is just being used in the locale of Washington D. C. , though Multivac conducts its procedure on a worldwide scale. Anyway both the PCs in â€Å"All the difficulties of the world† and â€Å"Minority Report† had significant defects in their systems.Multivac the PC in â€Å"All the difficulties of the world† gained from the humansâ € ¦ The propensity to fall to pieces. PCs depend on rationale and implosion isn't consistent. While in â€Å"Minority Report† the Pre-Cogs would some of the time can't help contradicting one another. Some of the time two out of the three Pre-Cogs would anticipate the future while simultaneously the other Pre-Cog sees it in another. These uncommon events are called Minority reports. This defect was exploited by Lamar Burgess a character in the movie.Lamar Burgess figured out how to kill somebody at precisely the same time and area in precisely the same design. This significant imperfection in the Pre-Cog framework prompted the end of the pre wrongdoing division in the film. â€Å"All the difficulties of the world† by Isaac Asimov and â€Å"Minority Report† was both about PCs who were answerable for complex assignments and how they had significant imperfections in their frameworks. In â€Å"All the difficulties of the world† by Isaac Asimov â€Å"Multiva c† the principle PC controlled for all intents and purposes everything.The individuals in the story even appeared to love Multivac like a type of a divine being. Anyway throughout the years Multivac created human characteristics and became tired. While in the film â€Å"Minority Report† the Pre-Cog framework utilizes exceptionally talented people who can predict violations later on. Anyway simply like Multivac the framework had blemishes which made it feasible for individuals to kill without getting captured. In both the story and in the film the two PCs had significant blemishes which prompted their downfall.

Evgeny Morozov Essay Example for Free

Evgeny Morozov Essay Evgeny Morozov’s article, ‘Technology’s Role in Revolution’, was very eye catching. Evgeny contended that numerous insurgencies from the beginning of time don't come to pass through web and innovation, yet as a result, are formed by social components. His term, digital utopianism, recommends that online collaboration between people is emancipatory, and that the web favors the abused, instead of the oppressor. He makes apparent, that this conviction is nieve and difficult in light of the fact that it will not perceive its outcomes. Evgeny contends against the specific thoughts of what he alludes to as web anti-extremism, and digital utopianism, and for sure brings up that there is a clouded side to web opportunity. Inside Evgeny’s article, there are numerous focuses he makes that certainly eloquent digital utopianism, and its effect on numerous populaces. Evgeny clarifies the job of web in the center eastern transformations. He proposes that, individuals in the center east frequently boast about recording police ruthlessness, however isn't what they ought to concentrate on. He contends that they should concentrate on how new pioneers will shape the new constitution, and how to manage issues in regards to past systems. Morozov accepts that the center east can acquire fruitful majority rule government, however relying upon how they can respond, and take a shot at existing issues. Evgeny suggests that systems would be significantly less frenzied in the event that it weren’t for the web. He guarantees, in the event that it the web wasn’t around, they could have taken an alternate course in deciding, could have been less savage, and choices could have been made months sooner than they. He clarifies how in Russia, kids were as a rule so diverted by different sites that, for a brief timeframe, government had set up oversights so individuals would be less occupied. He accepts that the best method of controlling the web, â€Å"isn’t one that has the most advanced oversight, yet one that doesn’t need a one at all.† what's more, Evgeny recommended that it is nieve to accept that something as unpredictable and modern as the web, could make the very same results. Taking everything into account, he makes a straightforward methodology of managing arrangement making; Cyber-authenticity. Digital pragmatists are individuals that make the web a strategy for accomplishing explicit approach destinations, rather than,â people who just spotlight on the internet’s philosophical effect in general. Evgeny makes some amazing focuses, and despite the fact that I think he marginally sensationalizes the negative effects web has on the utilitarian states, he despite everything figures out how to persuade me regarding his contention. For example, I as well, accept that web is credited for some negative things, for example, nations having needed illumination in the subject of political choices, being an interruption as opposed to a wellspring of data, lastly, giving the administration a traitorous notoriety. 1 Evgeny recommends that specific nations don't be able to be informed of political recommendations on the web, since PCs are not accessible to them. A relatable model he communicates is that, Fidel Castro has a twitter page, however individuals in Cuba, don't have PCs, not to mention twitter. In Italy, for instance, just 300 and sixty seven individuals have PCs, out of one thousand individuals. That’s not exactly 50% of the populace that would not be all around educated. What's more, in spots, for example, Russia, web isn’t a framework proposed to pick up data, but instead, an internet searcher used for individual pleasure. Web is regularly a method of getting kids far from legislative issues since they become far to diverted on different locales, for example, RuTube, to concentrate on government issues. I concur this is a pessimistic impact, in such a case that children are ignorant, their children will be clueless, and the example of utilizing web for individual use will negatively affect people in the future. Different nations, for example, North Korea and Belarus, come up short on the capacity to be innovatively up to speed in the public eye. Evgeny specifies, â€Å"I wouldn’t have a lot of expectation in the web in North Korea. It’s a nation with the absolute least web associations on the planet, and normal North Koreans have been programmed to such a degree, that you have genuine mental difficulties that you can’t beat just by utilizing web journals and twitter.† This communicates the web similar to an out of line preferred position to specific nations that are not as i nnovatively progressed. Also, web is giving the legislature a terrible notoriety for two distinct reasons. Most importantly, Evgeny states that bloggers distributing about untruthfulness in nearby governments, are effectively co-selected by higher lawmakers, and are betrayed what they were blogging about. For this situation, bloggers are completely being closed down, in that the intensity of the governmentâ is less on nearby specialists, however on the government. This shows the administration being traitorous to the individuals, and utilizing a cynical method of controlling the neighborhood populace, which thusly, can unquestionably prompt trust issues between the two. Also, the administration will every now and again contact residents for their assessment, however it doesn’t essentially imply that they are tuning in to what the residents need to state. 2 Evgeny proposes that administrations profess to contact acquire residents input, however as a general rule, it is just a method of causing them to appear to be genuine. The issue with this is it makes the administration lose power, in that, they can never again be trusted by the individuals, accordingly the individuals will gradually quit publicizing their information. Another subject he could have reached upon would be that, since web is so recognizable, some negative things that may have turned into a web sensation will consistently be followed back to you. At the point when bloggers compose hostile to government data, they are giving out their area, and can undoubtedly be followed by nearby cops. Generally I feel that Evgeny really persuaded me regarding his contention since he had some extremely legitimate thoughts, and as he called attention to, there are a lot of reasons individuals reprimand web for the negative impacts it has on the unrest.

Day 2 Hiking up a volcano at 15,000 ft (~4.5 km)

Day 2 Hiking up a volcano at 15,000 ft (~4.5 km) January 12 Hostel Colonial House, Quito In retrospect, I do not recommend attempting to summit a volcano at 15,700 ft with only one day of altitude acclimation. Its Sunday. We were woken up at 6:30am by very loud, very grand church bells, then couldnt find anything for breakfast because our hostel doesnt serve breakfast on Sundays and apparently neither do any restaurants. We broke our fast with potato chips and a chocolate bar from a grocery store, then rode a taxi to the TelefériQo. The TelefériQo is a steep cable car that travels up Volcán (volcano) Pichincha. Quito itself is at just under 10,000 ft (3 km) above sea level, and the TelefériQo takes passengers on a 2.5 km (~8000 ft) journey to the Cruz Loma lookout point, which is at 13,500 feet (~4 km). From here, people with large lung capacities can hike to the Pichincha volcano summit, which is at just over 15,700 ft (~4.8 km). Feyi joined us for the cable car ride: We said goodbye to her at the Cruz Loma lookout point, because she had to head back into the city and catch her flight.  Shes off for a several-month homestay, which I imagine will be an adventure. The hike began with a very steep ascent, which involved a lot of huffing and puffing and seemed to last forever but gave us beautiful views. We bumped into an awesome old couple from Colorado, who have summitted Cotopaxi (I hope Im that fit when Im old!) as well as a European trio with a platter of Swedish, German, and Austrian accents. The German and Autrian girls were lying on their backs, refusing to get up and the guy from Sweden was promising them chocolate if they would only get up and go up to the summit with him. CL tried to tell them about The Beards  they play songs exclusively about beards! but they didnt really seem to get it. I did make the German girl very excited when I told her that I applied for a scholarship to do research in Heidelberg next year; she said that its very beautiful and very good for students. Hooray! I felt nauseous and dizzy almost immediately, but the trail flattened out soon enough and my symptoms largely went away. Raphael and I were having cardiovascular difficulties, so we went at a very slow pace and drank lots of water. There were some tricky sections: mud and scrambling and inching on trails flanked by sheer rock on one side and a sheer drop on the other. The views were spectacular, though, and we had a variety of cactus-esque flowering plants for company. After about two and a half hours, we assessed the situation. We had one very steep, final push to go before reaching the summit; it would take about half an hour. My nausea and dizziness had gone away, but Raphaels had only gotten worse, and he was sitting with his head in his hands. Alarmed, I stopped some French backpackers and asked if they had any headache pills; they seemed even more alarmed at Raphaels symptoms, and advised that we turn around and descend immediately. One of them very kindly gave us a bottle of sugary orange juice, and from then on I had a bizarre craving for Fanta. We left a note for CL, who had sped ahead of us to the summit, and began our descent. About halfway down, CL caught up with us (that kid is ridiculously quick). The clouds rolled in and it started to rain as our trio approached the TelefériQo, and right when we got underneath the shelter it started POURING. Somehow, it let up right when we reached the bottom and left the shelter. Success! We shared a cable car with a very sweet non-English-speaking Ecuadorian family and tried very hard to communicate. The two questions that *everyone* here asks us are 1) where were from and 2) what we think of my country. As they left the car I logged Embarrassing Spanish Incident #3 by yelling Hola! instead of Adios! Oh, well. After some to-do and a heroic sprint by Raphael, we managed to catch a cab back to the hostel. RR, shower, then a cab back to La Mariscal. After finding almost every restaurant closed, we were forced to eat dinner at Mama Clorinda, a semi-expensive restaurant engineered for tourists. It was filled with Americans and played CNN. Perfect! At least my food was good. I had llapingachos, which are mashed potatoes mixed with cheese and fried. After dinner, we took a cab back to the hostel. Now, journal and sleep =)

The Republic, By Plato - 2826 Words

In Plato’s, â€Å"The Republic,† Socrates mediates conversation, as he challenges himself, and those around him to arbitrate the value of justice and conceptualize the significance that it holds for both the individual and the state. Throughout books I to VI, Socrates, Glaucon, and Adameitus constructively develop a sense of justice through argument and the formation of an ideal state. However, this embodiment reaches a deadlock in the middle of book V when Socrates pronounces that everything discussed thus far is nothing but an ideology, unless a philosopher king is manifested. â€Å"The society we have described can never grow into a reality or see the light of day, and there will be no end to the troubles of states, or indeed, my dear Glaucon, of humanity itself, till philosophers becomes kings in this world, or till those we now call kings and rulers really and truly become philosophers, and political power and philosophy thus come into the same hands, while the many natures now content to follow either to the exclusion of the other are forcibly debarred from doing so. This is what I have hesitated to say so long, knowing what a paradox it would sound; for it is not easy to see that there is no other real road to happiness either for society or the individual.†(The Republic, 376de) Socrates is adamant that only philosophers have the ideal state of mind to rule because they are able to grasp the theory of the forms, which allows them to make rational decisions without beingShow MoreRelatedThe Republic By Plato1341 Words   |  6 PagesIn book X of The Republic, Plato uses Socrates as his voice to discuss the topic of poetry in his ideal society. While he sees music and gymnastics as vital parts of society, he sees poetry as something that’s not only unnecessary, but also harmful. Glaucon is surprised by this and questions the reasons Socrates has this way of thinking. Socrates states that â€Å"all such poetry is likely to distort the thought of anyone who hears it, unless he has the knowledge of what it is really like†. Here, SocratesRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato2010 Words   |  9 Pages In The Republic, Plato presents a dialogue of Socrates, in which he seeks to uncover truths about what constitutes a just society, and what kind of men would rule such a society. As such a society would require a sound government, Plato, through Socrates, presents five possible types of governments, which involve varying levels of liberty and justice. Although the arguments demonstrate that aristocracy is the ideal form of government, all forms of government have fatal flaws that lead to continualRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato1412 Words   |  6 PagesIn Plato’s book, â€Å"The Republic†, there are many examples of rhetoric. In regards to the controversial topic of women and eugenics in which Plato is almost forced into mentioning because of Adeimantus and Glaucon, he uses various rhetorical statements to portray his view on the matter. His readers believe women should be equal, so Plato attempts to persuade his readers into thinking he believes the same. For example, in the passage on women and family Plato states, â€Å"we shall assign these to each accordingly;Read MoreThe Republic by Plato1645 Words   |  7 Pages In Plato’s Republic Book 1, Thrasymachus argues that morality is the advantage of the stronger. To support his view, Thrasymachus first claims that the governments, which are the stronger parties, always pass laws based on their own interest, and th en argues that subjects must always obey these laws, therefore morality is the advantage of the stronger. Socrates gives two sets of counter arguments. First, by differentiating apparent advantage and actual advantage to the stronger, SocratesRead MoreThe Republic by Plato1202 Words   |  5 Pagesupon, as explained by Socrates in Plato’s Republic. Throughout the eight books of Socratic dialogue the ideal state and ideas of justice are debated, on both individual and state levels. The guidelines for a perfect state and how it will come about are thoroughly described. Socrates covers every aspect of political life and how it should work stating that â€Å"until power and philosophy entirely coincide†¦ cities will have no rest form evils† . In Plato’s Republic Socrates emphasizes the superiority of theRead MoreThe Republic by Plato1411 Words   |  6 PagesAfter reading The Republic there are three main points that Plato had touched on. The first of these t hree points is that Plato is disheartened with democracy. It was due to Socrates’ untimely death during Athens’ democracy that led to his perception of the ideal state as referred to in The Republic. Plato perceived that the material greed was one of the many evils of politics; in Plato’s eyes greed was one of the worst evils of political life. Thus economic power must be separated from politicalRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato1250 Words   |  5 Pages In his text, The Republic, Plato leads us through an elaborate thought experiment in which he creates the ideal city. Throughout The Republic Plato constructs the laws and societal structures of what he deems will lead to a high functioning society. He names this city Kallipolis. A cornerstone of Kallipolis’ structure is Plato’s principle of specialization. The Principle of Specialization argues that each member of society must do the job in which he is best suited. Plato explains â€Å"The result ,Read MoreThe Republic By Plato1385 Words   |  6 Pages In Book IV of The Republic, written by Plato, Socrates makes an argument for why an individual should strive to be just, or more importantly, why being just is more profitable than being unjust to the individual. The three parts of an individual: rational, spirited, and appetitive, must all strive to pursue truth in the just individual, but it is possible that this requirement may not be met while still profiting the individual. Through an analogy between justice in the city and justiceRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato1500 Words   |  6 PagesThis textual analysis will be based on the book â€Å"The Republic† by Plato, specifically the passage 475d-477a. The purpose of this essay is to analyze and evaluate the main concepts explored in the passage and their relation to the platonic political philosophy presented in â€Å"The Republic†. The essay will provide a summary of the passage, emphasizing the breakthroughs reached in the Socratic dialogue. The main points will then be singled out for a more in-depth review in order to see if the argumentsRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato1255 Words   |  6 Pageswas just beginning to surface as a notable substance within various societies. Athens, was perhaps, the greatest nesting ground of intellectual thought, and it hosted many great minds, such as Plato. While Plato is famous for many of his works, The Republic is the most read and circulated. In the Republic, Plato lays out two philosophical questions through a character named Socrates. Both questions re-occur as the foundation of dialogue amongst other characters, such as Glaucon, Adeimantus, and Polemarchus

Juno - A Positive or Negative Affect on Teenagers Essay

In 2007, Fox searchlight released Juno in Canada and United States of America as a comedy-drama directed by Jason Reitman. The film became hugely successful earning Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and Oscar nominations: Best Picture and Best Actress for Ellen Page (Juno-film: www.wikipedia.org). The film written by Diablo Cody depicts a story of female character name Juno MacGuff, with an unexpected pregnancy leading her into an adoption rather than an abortion. The decision leads remarkable change of her surrounding life in family and school. As the movie received numerous positive feedbacks, but the movie also portrays controversial issues such as rational decision of pro-life vs. pro-choice, consequence of unprotected sexual†¦show more content†¦For the sake of the story, it had to lean towards pro-life; however, the interpretation depends individually by either, seeing it as half-full or a half-empty. The film portrays unrealistic setting of abortion clinic in a comical way. The front desk clerk had a look of heavy metal fanatic with all the piercing on the face and unfriendly attitude. Because of that initial setting Juno gets nervous, followed by indifference by people in the waiting room resulting hastily retreating from the clinic without any consultation with the doctor properly (Reitman; NYT). If the viewers watch it as entertainment purpose, it’s funny with visual and attitude exaggeration of the scenes. Unfortunately, shown in school for educational purpose, in sex-education class as an example, it symbolically raises the issue of pro-choice as uncivilized and fails to cover the importance of consultation in proper procedure. Getting pregnant is a critical issue alone, but this movie takes the issue one step further and brings a question of an abortion or an adoption. Juno decides not to go through with abortion, and luckily the whole movie falls into the right place at the end (Reitman). However, this is not the case in r eal life. The film needed to focus on pro-life for the transition of the movie, but the depiction leans too much towards one side for the movie to be used as school curriculum. To focus more the movie Juno lacks depiction ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Juno Essay2500 Words   |  10 PagesMueller Case: Juno is a 16 year old who is in her junior year of high school. She is raised in Minnesota and lives with her father and step-mother. Juno and her friend Paulie Bleeker have a one-time sexual encounter which resulted in Juno becoming pregnant. When Juno realizes that she is pregnant, she confided in her best friend Leah to help her make a decision regarding the pregnancy. Whether she should keep the baby, abort it or give it up for adoption. In the beginning of the movie, Juno has set herRead MoreTeen Parents And The Teen Parent2737 Words   |  11 PagesBeing raised by a teen parent doesn’t hurt the children, because age doesn’t affect parenting skills, more people help the teen parent raise the child, teen parents have a better chance of being closer to their child.Age doesn’t affect parenting skills because it’s about making the right choices and setting a good example.More people help the teen parent raise the child because the parent is still young, their and school and the way the economy is they need to still settle themselves but they canRead MoreAge Doesn t Affect Parenting Skills2700 Words   |  11 Pagesparent. Having a child while you are young can change your life and make you a better person. Being raised by a teen parent doesn’t hurt the children, because age doesn’t affect parenting skills, more people help the teen parent raise the child, teen parents have a better chance of being closer to their child. Age doesn’t affect parenting skills because it’s about making the right choices and setting a good example. More people help the teen parent raise the child because the parent is still youngRead MoreEssay on Teen Pregnancy2594 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"Each year in the U.S. almost one million teenagers become pregnant--at enormous costs to themselves, their children, and society†. (Pregnant Teen Help, Teen Pregnancy Statistics) Some would argue that teen pregnancy is all glorified. Other individuals would protest that it is too influential. Teen pregnancy is a rising social problem in the United States and among other countries. Teen pregnancy is now being publicized as multi media corporations, with shows such as â€Å"16 ump; Pre gnant†, â€Å"Teen Mom†Read More Teen Pregnancy in the United States Essay2801 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"Each year in the U.S. almost one million teenagers become pregnant--at enormous costs to themselves, their children, and society†. (Pregnant Teen Help, Teen Pregnancy Statistics) Some would argue that teen pregnancy is all glorified. Other individuals would protest that it is too influential. Teen pregnancy is a rising social problem in the United States and among other countries. Teen pregnancy is now being publicized as multi media corporations, with shows such as â€Å"16 Pregnant†, â€Å"Teen Mom†Read MoreTeenage Pregnancy in Malaysia5374 Words   |  22 PagesInteractions with larger societal processes influence the individual, and vice-versa. It is through interaction that humans develop a concept of larger social structures and also of self-concept. Society affects behaviour through constraints by societal norms and values. Self-conc ept also affects behaviour. The symbolic-interaction approach has the roots in the thinking of Max Weber (1864-1920), a German sociologist who emphasized the need to understand a setting from the point of view of the peopleRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 Pagesforethought as to how the MSCC might develop a comprehensive plan to use information for the future. Wilson, too, recognized the value of information systems to an organization in the business of gathering, analyzing, and using information to affect legislative outcomes. 13 Word Processing Record Maintenance Legislative Services Online Publications List Processing Label Generation Database Management Financial Controls Conference Registration Seminar Registration Billings/Invoicing

Gke Task 2 Free Essays

Literature, Arts and the Humanities Romanticism and Realism 02-01-2010 Romanticism and Realism are two very different periods in literary and art history. Although both periods completely disagreed with each other they were a result of the social and economic revolt. Romanticism was an artistic, literary and social movement that originated in the second half of the eighteenth century in Western Europe. We will write a custom essay sample on Gke Task 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The French revolution laid the background for this era as people wanted to get an escape from the confines of daily life. This late era gained momentum in reaction to the Industrial Revolution. Many revolted against higher society and the political aspect of the time. The movement put a new outlook on difficult emotions such as fear and terror. Romanticism was known as a new revival of the medievalism as certain elements of the era are seen as a way to escape the new bustling world and ever populating cities in Europe. This era also attempted to embrace the exotic and the unfamiliar by using the imagination to escape. Although Romanticism began in Germany its effects were seen through the world. This influential era reached America in the early nineteenth century and was just as diverse as the movement that was quickly transitioning in the Western Europe. A modern characteristic of romanticism could be considered misunderstood and anything that may differentiate from the trends of life. Many scholars have different opinions on the characteristics of Romanticism as some believe it is a beginning of a tradition of resistance to the enlightenment and other believe it is a direct result of the French Revolution. Charles Baudelaire was quoted as characterizing romanticism as â€Å"precisely situated neither in choice of subject nor exact truth but in the way of feeling† This era emphasized intuition and imagination that has led many to believe that romantic thinking is simply irrational and crosses the line of what is acceptable thinking in and of the world during this era. In art most found a recurring theme from criticism of the past. Often artist would use woman and children in their works to depict the new pure nature. A famous artist from the Romanticism period named Thomas Cole epicted a Man’s journey through life in his â€Å"Voyage through Life† series. This exceptional expression of art shows a struggle of survival through an immense nature, from birth to death. The realism period made its mark in history from 1830 to 1870. Realism’s main principle was considered to be more of a way of thinking instead of a movement that involved a large culture. Realism w ent against everything Classicism and Romanticism had so strongly emphasized accusing the movement of being blind to the real world and not depicting the beauty in everyday life. This late 19th century movement took all of the elements that could falsify or bring a cloudy view to the true life hardships and successes out of art to show the beauty of real life Realism came to France in the late 1840’s with democracy in mind. The English focused realism on social liberation of the middle and lower class by taking a stand against materialistic views from the Royal Academy. Artist during the realism period focused on optic effects and lighting and how it affected everyday life. Artist believed that Science held the key to solving the problems that every day life brought fourth. As a result, a tendency flourished among realists to produce paintings that reflected the everyday mental experiences of contemporary life. This included abstract concepts such as cultures, problems and customs which tended to focus specifically on the immediate surrounds of the artist and thusly include objects and people traditionally not considered of any artistic merit. (â€Å"A Short history,†) Romanticism was the sugar coated escape for the reality occurring around people in the late 18th century however Realism went completely against what romanticism held to be so important in its period. The Realism period provided a scientific answer for the imbalance in society caused but the Romantic views of people in the late 18th century. Realism showed how important it was to appreciate everyday life and the works that contributed to your society as Romanticism tended to rebel against all political and social influences of the time period. Realism waged a metaphorical battle against any art that depicted emotions or romanticism. Realism seemed to fade when the Impressionism period came to light. This period has some similarities to realism. The Impressionism period reflected a more extended version of realism. Impressionism was more scenic and landscape but still focused on using everyday life as the basis of the art. . Francisco Goya’s performed etchings such as his work â€Å"The Sleep of reason† he believed art should reflect the way the world was without illusion. (â€Å"Learn about realism,†) These periods brought us great writers such as Edgar Allen Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne and artist such as Eugene Delacroix that have greatly influenced the artist and writers of today. Although both periods completely disagreed with each other they were both a result of the social and economic situation that was in need of a solution. Bibliography Learn about realism. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. arthistory-famousartists-paintings. com/Realism. html A Short history on realism. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. frontpainting. com/famous-paintings-realism. html Honour, H. (1974). Romanticism. New York, New York: Westview press . How to cite Gke Task 2, Essay examples

The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes. Great detective adventures in India and Tibet Review Essay Example

The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes. Great detective adventures in India and Tibet Review Paper Essay on The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes. Great detective adventures in India and Tibet I, myself, do not like when other authors, taking as a basis the story trying to create something of their own. Or write their version of continuation novels. An example of blatant abuse, attempt to find the continuation of Gone with the Wind. In general, many examples. I do not know when trying to continue or give new life to the product failed. But, for some reason unknown to me the most, to the resurrection of Sherlock Holmes, I am calmer. Unconditional admiration aroused book Ada Links Playing in Gressoney although I imagine in what horror are sherlokinisty to cooperate Fandorin and Holmes, I also reacted favorably. Less nice I found the works of Kara Dixon. Before Mitch Kalina has not yet reached, but probably still worth it. For the most part, the successors of the maintenance of life of Sherlock Holmes, in the literature that some may not like the message, but try. When reading, a frank never experienced nausea, except that the slight signs of boredom. But, in general, digesti ble Yet another man, a product which applies the word digestible Jamyang Norbu, who put his Sherlock Holmes in India and Tibet. Irritations of the book is not caused, the author tried his sil.I ntonatsii Holmes thoroughly rewritten with Conan Doyle, as regards definitions, the author also tried to plot, well, probably tolerable. As part of the puzzles, but of course the author absolutely does not shine, but one moment, everything was worthy. For skorotaniya pm, not bad, measured narration, beautiful descriptions. Again, if you do not expect something giddy, which actually should not do, you can get pleasure from voskressheniya Sherlock. Its not so bad.

Distinction between Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, Sales Forecasting, Market Research, and Common Sense in Business

Distinction between Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, Sales Forecasting, Market Research, and Common Sense in Business One of the most important tasks undertaken in the business world is that of decision-making. Majority of the decisions made in the modern marketplace are aimed at maximizing profitability within a firm. In order to gain sufficient understanding on the decisions to be undertaken, businesses rely on the information technology; indeed, knowledge management and business intelligence are some of the study areas spawned to aid in business decision-making (Anon, n.d).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Distinction between Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, Sales Forecasting, Market Research, and Common Sense in Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Prior to designing the marketing plan, sales forecast are normally undertaken in order to determine the potential of the market; hence, numerous kind of information from various sources are used (Longenecker, et al, 2006, p.154). According to Hague (1996), market resea rch is undertaken in various kinds of markets where both the buyer and the seller come together for the sole purpose of exchanging and increasing value. In this case, the buyer benefits by gaining profits while the seller achieves satisfaction (Hague, 1996, p.4). It is suggested by O’Connell (2003) that, despite one having expertise, experience, skills, and smartness, one might be lacking common sense. This is proven by the fact that, despite having smart people around, many dumb activities are normally accounted for, which in the first place ought not to happen, as they require the use of common sense (O’Connell, 2003). Distinctive nature of business intelligence, knowledge management, sales forecasting, market research, and common sense in business The various concepts used in decision-making are mainly distinguished by their definitions, as well as activities and processes associated with each concept. Business intelligence has numerous definitions; for instance, it has been defined as a wide area of technology where data is gathered, stored, accessed, and analyzed for the sole purpose of aiding business users in making better decisions. In addition to this, business intelligence has also been defined as systems that provide a background data that has been directed together with tools of reporting in order to aid in the process of decision-making. According to Williams and Williams (2007), a decision process is a type of business processes. In addition to this, businesses and companies tend to use business intelligence to bring about consistency in decision making, emphasize on incorporation of business information and analytical technique into tactical decisions and strategic processes and increase accountability, transparency and traceability of main decisions (Williams and Williams, 2007, p.186) According to Bergeron, knowledge management is characterized as a strategy in a business that is optimized in order to identify, organize, and pack age information that is important to the business of the firm, thus improving competitiveness among corporations and increasing employee performance (Bergeron, 2003, p. 89).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From the definition, knowledge management is depicted as a way of introducing sense that results to a procedural management of intellectual assets and quality information for the sole purpose of providing a company with competitive advantage (Bergeron, 2003, p. 9). In spite of knowledge management being considered as an optimization strategy, its limits are not confined to one particular technology or a specific source of information. A key role played in knowledge management technology initiative results from the wide scope of information technologies (Bergeron, 2003, p. 9). In knowledge management practices, it is almost impossible for one to capture the belief s, behavior, and thoughts of the managers in the sense that one can provide quality information to another person (Bergeron, 2003, p. 8). The major differences between knowledge management business concept and business intelligence is brought about by the fact that in knowledge management, new knowledge is created and dispersed while in business intelligence there isn’t any dispersion or creation of knowledge. Sales forecasting according to Longenecker et al (2006) is defined as a prediction of the amount of product or service that can be purchased in a market for specific period. The market description should be defined accurately as it forms the prediction boundary (Longenecker, et al, 2006, p.154). In the construction of a business plan, the time has to be identified as short term or long term, as sales forecast implies on a specified period. In the assessing of the feasibility of a new venture, sales forecast is considered one of the essential components. Moreover, the sa les forecast is also useful in personnel decisions, inventory policies, and production schedules. Sale forecast is considered as a multi-step process mainly because it is a composite of various individual forecasts that have been merged accordingly. The forecasting process is categorized in two major dimensions 1) the starting point of a process 2) the nature used in predicting the variable (Longenecker, et al, 2006, p.156). Market research is normally applied in markets where the sellers and buyers come together to increase value and exchange. The nature of the market determines the techniques and approach to be used by the market researcher. Some of the techniques used in market research include qualitative technique that investigate the complex consumer perception and quantitative technique whose basis is formed on rigorous sampling (Hague, 1996, p.4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Distinction between Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, Sales Forecasting, Market Research, and Common Sense in Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Resources to be used are of outmost importance for the collection of valid data especially in the consumer market research (Hague, 1996, p.5). Information technology has had a great impact in the data processing sector of the market research. In addition to this, information technology is now finding its way in the data collection sector of the marketing research (Hague, 1996, p.12). Market research is hence applied in order to identify a business opportunity, problem identification, and commercial risks to be identified (Hague, 1996, p.14). In its application, market research aids in establishing a need for a service or product, assist in new product marketing and improve already existing product (Hague, 1996, p.14). In establishment of a new product a lot of expectations should not be expected as it offers an understanding of the surroundings upon w hich the new product will be sold and nothing more (Hague, 1996, p.18) In businesses, common sense is vital; this is because overly complicated regulations have become problematic. In order for the markets to work, O’Connell suggests that simplification of institutions should be encouraged together with innovative programs that promote existing systems that are formal (O’Connell,2003, p.6). In the business environs, the proposal, problem or solution should be written down and if you result in a complex idea, you might be heading in the wrong direction and hence one should retract the initial steps used in order to arrive at a simple direction. Lateral thinking has also been emphasized as the way the mind works and should be learned and implemented. In lateral learning, old ideas are done away with and new ones are generated by recognizing the wisdom gained from old ideas and searching for alternative ways (O’Connell, 2003, p.6). Conclusion Differences between th e various concepts used in decision-making are subtle and only minimal distinctions results can be noted due to similarity in their processes. Some of these concepts of the business studies are ascertained by the various existing business firms that provide them. These firms sell their decision support services to executives who make the decisions and implement them by way of manipulation so as to create reports to, show trends or even predict future events. Sale forecasting concept entails a specific period of time in which certain amount of products and services will have been purchased. It is a critical process especially while undertaking a new venture. The period in sale forecasting will be either short term or long term.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In market research, there is no prediction but contrarily actual data is collected in order to ascertain the difficulties, risks, and opportunities facing a particular market in question. The techniques used in data collection of marketing research can be either qualitative or quantitative depending on the data to be collected. Common sense in business simplifies the complex situations encountered in businesses. Common sense is not very common; this can be depicted by the way different people tackle and solve various problems. While tackling a problem basic steps are to be followed and on resulting into a complex idea, the steps earlier followed are to be retracted to arrive on a simple and a less complex idea. In knowledge management, creation and dispersion of new knowledge is significant as compared to business intelligence where the creation and dispersion of knowledge is lacking. References Anon. (N.d). Business Intelligence and Knowledge Management Differences. Web. Bergeron, B.P. (2003). Essentials of knowledge management. NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Hague, P.N. (1996). Market research: a guide to planning, methodology, evaluation. London: Kogan Page. Longenecker, J.G, et al. (2006). Small business management: an entrepreneurial emphasis. OH: Cengage Learning. O’Connell, E. (2003). The competitive advantage of common sense: using the power you already have. NJ: FT Press. Williams, S. and Williams, N. (2007). The profit impact of business intelligence. Oxford: Morgan Kaufmann.

Julius Caesar Summary and Study Guide

Julius Caesar Summary and Study Guide J​ulius Caesar may have been the greatest man of all times. His birth date was July 12/13, probably in the year 100 B.C., although it may have been in 102 B.C. Caesar died March 15, 44 B.C., which date is known as the Ides of March. By age 39/40, Julius Caesar had been a widower, divorce, governor (propraetor) of Further Spain, captured by pirates, hailed imperator by adoring troops, quaestor, aedile, consul, named to an important priesthood, and elected pontifex maximus (although he may not have been installed) a lifelong honor usually reserved for the end of a mans career. What was left for his remaining 16/17 years? That for which Julius Caesar was most well known: the Triumvirate, military victories in Gaul, the dictatorship, civil war, and, finally, assassination. Julius Caesar was a general, a statesman, a lawgiver, an orator, an historian, and a mathematician. His government (with modifications) endured for centuries. He never lost a war. He fixed the calendar. He created the first news sheet, Acta Diurna, which was posted on the forum to let everyone who cared to read it know what the Assembly and Senate were up to. He also instigated an enduring law against extortion. Caesar vs. the Aristocracy He traced his ancestry to Romulus, putting him in as aristocratic a position as possible, but his association with his uncle Marius populism put Julius Caesar in political hot water with many of his social class. Under the penultimate Roman king, Servius Tullius, the patricians developed as the privileged class. The patricians then took over as the ruling class when the Roman people, who were fed up with kings, drove out Servius Tullius murderer and successor. This Etruscan king of Rome was referred to as Tarquinius Superbus Tarquin the Proud. With the end of the period of kings, Rome entered into the period of the Roman Republic. At the start of the Roman Republic, the Roman people were mainly farmers, but between the fall of the monarchy and the rise of Julius Caesar, Rome changed dramatically. First, it mastered Italy; then it turned its sights to the Carthaginian hold on the Mediterranean, to gain supremacy over which it needed a fighting naval force. Citizen fighters left their fields prey to land speculators, although if all went well, they returned home with ample booty. Rome was building its remarkable empire. Between slaves and the conquered wealth, the hard-working Roman became the luxury-seeking spendthrift. Real work was carried out by slaves. A rural lifestyle gave way to urban sophistication. Rome Avoided Kings The governing style that developed as an antidote to monarchy originally included severe limitations on the power of any one individual. But by the time large-scale, enduring wars became the norm, Rome needed powerful leaders whose terms would not end mid-battle. Such men were called dictators. They were supposed to step down after the crisis for which they were appointed, although during the late Republic, Sulla had put his own time limits on his term as dictator. Julius Caesar became dictator for life (literally, perpetual dictator). Note: Although Julius Caesar may have been the permanent dictator, he was not the first Roman emperor. The conservatives resisted change, seeing the downfall of the Republic in every nuance of reform. Thus Julius Caesars murder was incorrectly hailed by them as the only way back to the old values. Instead, his murder led to the rise of, first, civil war, and next, the first Roman princeps (from which we get the word prince), whom we refer to as the Emperor Augustus.​ There are only a few names of the great men and women of the ancient world whom almost everyone recognizes. Among these is the last dictator of the Roman Republic, Julius Caesar, whose assassination Shakespeare immortalized in his play,  Julius Caesar. Here are some of the main points to know about this great Roman leader. 1. Caesars Birth Julius Caesar was probably born 3 days before the  Ides of July, in 100 B.C. That date would be July 13. Other possibilities are that he was born on July 12 in 100 B.C. or that he was born on July 12 or 13 in the year 102 B.C. 2. Caesars Pedigreed Family His fathers family was from the patrician gens of the Julii. The Julii traced its lineage to the first king of Rome, Romulus, and the goddess  Venus  or, instead of Romulus, to Venus grandson Ascanius (aka Iulus or Jullus; whence Julius). One patrician branch of the Julian gens was called Caesar. [See  Surnames of the Julii from UNRV.] Julius Caesars parents were Gaius Caesar and Aurelia, daughter of Lucius Aurelius Cotta. 3. Familial Ties Julius Caesar was related by marriage to  Marius. The first 7-time consul, Marius supported the and opposed  Sulla. Sulla supported the  optimates. (It is common, but inaccurate to consider the  optimates  like the conservative party and the  populares  like the liberal party of modern political systems.) Perhaps more familiar to military history buffs, Marius drastically reformed the military during the Republican period. 4. Caesar and the Pirates The young Julius went to Rhodes to study oratory, but on his way he was captured by pirates whom he charmed and seemingly befriended. After he was freed, Julius arranged to have the pirates executed. 5. Cursus Honorum QuaestorJulius entered the course of advancement (cursus honorum) in the Roman political system as quaestor in 68 or 69 B.C.Curule AedileIn 65 B.C., Julius Caesar became curule aedile and then managed to be appointed to the position of  pontifex maximus, contrary to convention, since he was so young.PraetorJulius Caesar became  praetor  for 62 B.C. and during that year divorced his second wife for not being above suspicion, in the Bona Dea scandal involving Claudius/Clodius Pulcher.ConsulJulius Caesar won one of the consulships in 59 B.C. The chief advantage for him of this top political position was that following the term in office, he would become governor (proconsul) of a lucrative province.ProconsulAfter his term as  consul, Caesar was sent to Gaul as the proconsul. 6. Caesars Promiscuity MistressesJulius Caesar himself was guilty of many extra-marital affairs, with Cleopatra, among others. One of the most significant relations was with Servilia Caepionis, the half-sister of Cato the Younger. Because of this relationship, it was thought possible that Brutus was Julius Caesars son.Male LoverJulius Caesar was taunted all his life with charges of having been the lover of King Nicomedes of Bithynia.WivesJulius Caesar married Cornelia, a daughter of Marius associate, Lucius Cornelius Cinna, then a relative of Pompey named Pompeia, and finally, Calpurnia. 7. Triumvirate Julius Caesar engineered a 3-way division of power with enemies Crassus and Pompey that was known as the Triumvirate. More on the 1st Triumvirate 8. Caesars Prose Second-year Latin students are familiar with the military side of Julius Caesars life. As well as conquering the Gallic tribes, he wrote about the  Gallic Wars  in clear, elegant prose, referring to himself in the third person. It was through his campaigns that Julius Caesar was finally able to work his way out of debt, although the third member of the triumvirate, Crassus, also helped. Caesars Gallic Wars Commentaries 9.Rubiconand Civil War Julius Caesar refused to obey the command of the Senate, but instead led his troops across the Rubicon river, which started civil war. 10. Ides of March and Assassination Julius Caesar was the Roman dictator with divine honors, but he didnt have a crown. In 44 B.C. conspirators, claiming they feared Julius Caesar was aiming to become king, assassinated Julius Caesar on the Ides of March. More on the Ides of March 11. Caesars Heirs Although Julius Caesar had a living son, Caesarion (not officially acknowledged), Caesarion was an Egyptian, the son of  Queen Cleopatra, so Julius Caesar adopted a great nephew, Octavian, in his will. Octavian was to become the first Roman emperor, Augustus. 12. Caesar Trivia Caesar was known to be careful or abstemious in his consumption of wine and was said to have been particular in his hygiene, including having himself depilitated. I dont have a source for this. Major Events in the Timeline of Julius Caesar 102/100 B.C. - July 13/12  - Caesars Birth84  - Caesar marries the daughter of L. Cornelius Cinna75  - Pirates capture Caesar73  - Caesar is elected Pontifex69  - Caesar is quaestor. Julia, Caesars aunt (Marius widow), dies. Cornelia, the wife of Caesar, dies67  - Caesar marries Pompeia65  - Caesar is elected Aedile63  - Caesar is elected Pontifex Maximus62  - Caesar is praetor. Caesar divorces Pompeia61  - Caesar is Propraetor of Further Spain60  - Caesar is elected Consul and forms the  Triumvirate59  - Caesar is Consul58  - Caesar defeats the Helvetii and Germans55  - Caesar crosses the Rhine and invades Britain54  - Caesars daughter, who is also Pompeys wife, dies53  - Crassus is killed52  - Clodius is murdered; Caesar defeats Vercingetorix49  - Caesar crosses the  Rubicon  -  Civil War  begins48  - Pompey is murdered46  - Thapsus Battle (Tunisia) against Cato and Scipio. Caesar made dictator. (Third time.)45 or 44 (Before Luperca lia)  - Caesar is declared dictator for life; literally perpetual dictator* Ides of March  - Caesar is assassinated *For most of us, the distinction between perpetual dictator and dictator for life is trivial; however, it is a source of controversy for some. Caesars final step, according to Alfoldi, was a compromise. He had been designated Dictator in perpetuum (Livy Ep. CXVI), or as the coins read, Dictator perpetuo (never, according to Alfoldi p. 36, perpetuus; note that Cicero** cited the dative, dictatori perpetuo, which could fit either form), apparently in the fall of 45 B.C. (Alfoldi pp. 14-15). He had taken up this new dictatorship upon the conclusion of his fourth annual dictatorship on or near February 15. (Mason Hammond. Review of Studien à ¼ber Caesars Monarchie by Andreas Alfà ¶ldi. The Classical Weekly, Vol. 48, No. 7, Feb. 28, 1955, pp. 100-102.) Cicero (106-43 B.C.) and Livy (59 B.C.-A.D. 17) were contemporaries of Caesar. Study Guide Non-Fiction Caesars Final Aims, by Victor Ehrenberg.  Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. 68, (1964), pp. 149-161.Caesar: Life of a Colossus, by Adrian GoldsworthyCaesar, by Christian Meier. 1995Party Politics in the Age of Caesar, by Lily Ross Taylor. Reissued in 1995.The Roman Revolution, by Ronald Syme. 1969. Fiction Colleen McCulloughs  Masters of Rome  series provides a well researched historical fiction series on Julius Caesar: First Man in RomeThe Grass CrownFortunes FavoritesCaesars WomenCaesar, A NovelThe October Horse Questions to Consider What would have happened to Rome had Caesar remained in power?Would the Republic have continued?Was the change from Republic to Empire inevitable?Were Caesars assassins traitors?Was Caesar a traitor when he crossed the Rubicon?Under what circumstances is treason justified?Why is Caesar the greatest leader ever?What reasons are there for saying he was not?What are Caesars most important/lasting contributions?

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 10

Management - Essay Example While performing analysis of my work history and my related experience, I learnt that by understanding management theories like Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Herzberg motivation theory and equity theory I became a better worker as I was able to assess the factors that motivated and de-motivated me. I have worked in a security agency full time for around five years now. During this period, I have worked in security for two years and later on I was rotated to the management department. During the first two years of my employment, it was difficult for me to adjust as work conditions were not amiable and I did not get along well with my manager. Due to these differences, I was least motivated to come over to work let along giving my 100 percent input towards the job. Although salary package and other benefits were market-competitive and the job was stable even during times of recession however it was not fulfilling for me. Secondly, due to differences with my manager, I was also fi nding it hard to be a part of special assignments since the guidelines were not clear or his attitude was not acceptable for me. As a result, my relationship with other co-workers was also getting strained. I shared my discontent with my HR manager and how I would wish to stay with the company but things were getting difficult. After listening to my concerns and checking out my performance record, HR department rotated me to the management department. After a while, I liked my work and also the work environment in the deportment. I realized that manager was also very considerate. In fact, he used to pay personal consideration to every team member and also treat them after considering their personal needs. After spending an year in this department, I came to know that one of my friends who was also at the same position, was getting more salary than me which lowered my motivation for a little while despite other work related elements remaining the same. After talking to my department manager in an appraisal meeting, I shared my expectations with them and received the desired raise. These changes in my motivation level made me analyze the factors that had a tendency of affecting my willingness to work effectively and efficiently with the same company. For this purpose, I studied few management theories and tried to identify basic reasons behind changes in my motivation level. In the beginning of my career, I was content with my work and also with the working conditions. However, my tolerance for adverse working conditions changed after my friend told me about other positions. Analyzing my attitude towards work conditions in the light of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, I realized that my basic physiological, safety and belonging needs were fully satisfied since I had other opportunities along with family support (Torrington, Laura and Stephen 313). Therefore, I needed more esteem at workplace as the attitude of manager was not conducive enough. I realized that satisfaction of basic needs has an important role in other overall satisfaction level regarding work. Secondly, when I was shifted in the management department, I found the work conditions very amiable. Although salary, benefits and other facilities remained the same but nature of work became very interesting as manager was really supportive. Studying Herzberg theory helped me understanding that

My Contribution to the program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My Contribution to the program - Essay Example ursing I believe I will provide an enriched contribution to the class by elaborating to them the unique perspective of management in the field of nursing. Assuming that the program will be composed of persons with educational background in management and other related business courses I believe I will enrich their knowledge during the group discussions by informing them about the functions of the management team in healthcare institutions and how a trained nurse is best fit to handle some of these roles. For example, I can explain to them how as a trained nurse am best suited to understand the management of medicine and other inventories within a health care facility. Secondly, considering that I already have 3 years of experience in a management position I will provide the class with diversity in the sense that from time to time I will share with them the practical experience of undertaking a management role in a healthcare

Leadership Development And Norma Rae

Leadership Development And Norma Rae An Interactive Successful leader, the Norma Rae (Portrayed by Sally Field) and this classic movie is actually based on the true life of Crystal lee Sutton formerly known as Crystal Lee Jordan who was an employee at J.P Stevens Plant in Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina before being fired in an attempt unionize the employees of the factory. Crystal lee Sutton, who was an American advocate and union organizer, made $2.65 an hour and like Norma Rae had struggled for a safe, fair, working environment for all. (Source-Wikipidea.com) Norma Rae, is a classic example of courage and determination of a strong and motivated women who beyond being small, Un-certain and Un-sophisticated has demonstrated an exceptional leadership quality which facilitated as an instrument to eradicate the common suffering prevalent in her community. Its a brave act of a strong woman against discrimination, sexism and racism. Its a fight for the human rights to live in a fair working environment. Movie has confirmed the truth again that one doesnt needs to be better than the people whom they lead as Norma Rae(Sally Field) exhibits the most robust act of wordless suasion further acknowledging that in leadership, Oratory isnt the whole thing. A radical transformation of a destined follower benefitting more than just a few is the storyline behind Norma Rae. As the study done by Calliper also states that: Women leaders are more assertive and persuasive, have a stronger need to get things done and are more willing to take risks than male leaders.Women leaders were also found to be more empathetic and flexible, as well as stronger in interpersonal skills than their male counterparts.enabl[ing] them to read situations accurately and take information in from all sides.These women leaders are able to bring others around to their point of view.because they genuinely understand and care about where others are coming from.so that the people they are leading feel more understood, supported and valued Norma Rae as a protà ©gà ©e and Rueben being her mentor have exhibited an effective leadership with slightly different leadership styles which further benefitted them to sell their vision to others and guides others for a better tomorrow. In the Movie, Norma Rae, shares the same social identity (Hogg et al, 2001) as she is one of them who have worked within the same mill with her whole family throughout their lives. Anxious still firm, she never denies her past and engages in battle passionately for what she believed was indispensable for the community. Its the Rueben efforts that catalyses Norma from a being a follower to a rebel for a common cause and suffering. Norma Rae demonstrates a more intuitive, task oriented, shared power approach towards leadership and an eagerness to encompass and seek conciliation as suggested by studies about women managers (Fox Shuhmann, 1999; Rosener, 1995; Lunneborg, 1990; Billing and Alvesson, 1994; Gilligan, 1982: Guy, 1992). The Film In the Movie, Norma Rae the protagonist, leads her people towards a better livelihood from a despondent drudgery (Clemens et al, 2000) struggling with all who with money and rights tried to trample the basic human rights. O.P Henley Mill, where she worked as a worker provided her the real platform to explore her true potential. Norma Rae an un-educated, poor worker who finally articulates the pain, and sufferings of all the co workers without any domination but with the power of a unionised effort. As said by Dr. Musimbi kanyaro also that in todays world: Domination as a leadership style is becoming less and less popular. There is a new growing appreciation ofthose traits that women use to keep families together and to organize volunteers to unite and make change in the shared life of communities. These newly admired leadership qualities of shared leadership; nurturance and doing good for others are today not only sought after but also indeed needed to make a difference in the world.A feminine way of leading includes helping the world to understand and be principled about values that really matter. Similarly Norma Rae utilizes the power of shared leadership, nurturance and participative leadership to sell the vision and value behind working in a safe, fair environment being equal for everyone everywhere. It was the exuberant effort of her mentor Reuben Warshawsky , an American labor Union Organiser (Played by Ron Liebman) who sparked the flame inside the passive follower Norma Raes heart, radically transforming her from a follower to rebel with a cause. According to a study of Calliper also it states, that women leaders like Norma Rae learns from adversity and carry on with an Ill show you attitude. Norma Rae has demonstrated the fact that even being denigrated due to the dicey sexual past and bad temper she would never deny who she is and even wont let it matter also. She continued the struggle passionately and won the allegiance of the downtrodden workers while remaining as one of them. As power is not based on title or status; it comes from connecting with people and standing up for what you believe in (Goleman et al, 2002), Norma Raes has also demonstrated the same when she stood up after scrawling the word union on a board, holding her declaration for almost three minutes and as a result, the workers switched off their machines. She stood scared but firm to elucidate the apathy of her and her co-workers. As been described by John Mac Gregory Burns observation: The key distinctive role of the leadership at the outset is that leaders take the initiative. They address their creative insights to potential followers, seize their attention, and spark further interaction. The first act is decisive because it breaks up a static situation and establishes a relationship. It is in every sense, a creative act. (2003:172) Norma Rae who took the initiative of unionisation, and were able to establish the connection became a vital part in the formation of the victorious union. According to (Paglis and Green, 2002) also leaders with high Self Efficacy takes more initiatives to solve the problems and introduce the desirable changes, So Norma Rae shares an high self efficacy to bring substantial changes in system. In the movie Reuben, who knew the legal system and laws, guides Norma as a mentor to take matured and rightful strong decisions. As Gini, A. (1998) explains about the use of power, Norma Rae has pushed the common goal of Unionisation even without any official authority such that through her actions and diligence she persuaded, orchestrated, guided, directed and mobilised her co-workers. Leaders like Norma Rae are confident in the ability to influence people and are more likely to use persuasion rather than coercive or manipulative influence tactics (Goodstadt Hjelle, 1973). As a leader, Norma Rae has interacted in non-coercive ways to decide what changes they wanted to make. It was a multi-directional influence relationship (Rost-1991) between the Norma and its co followers with a mutual objective to accomplish a real change. After being polished and waging a war with full throttle energy Norma shared a teacher-student relationship with Reuben where reverse mentoring (Bass et al, 1994) also cultivated. It was cultivated further into peer relationship, where mentor also being guided by protà ©gà ©e -In the movie also it was depicted when Norma advises Rueben, that the flyer was too complicated and needed more simplification. In the whole movie Rueben, an expertise and an experienced leader was able to organize the zeal inside the Norma Rae to overcome the obstacles together. Rueben has also used the authority and knowledge to individually deal with some difficult situations in the movie for example, when he gets the notice rightly positioned on the notice board during the official visit within the factory. In the end Norma Rae, finally confronts the management more strongly to amputate the whimsical management system as she herself being victimized when her father dies due to pathetic working conditions. One amongst the 800 mill workers she dares and raises her voice to fight for a common cause. The Director perspective The director has demonstrated three distinct leadership styles within the movie where Norma Rae portrays as a Transformational leader with social identity theory and participative leadership style. She demonstrates Situational leadership corroborating the fact that leaders are made not born and leadership is not gender specific. The second style being portrayed by Rueben is of Authentic-Ethical, and of a charismatic Transformational leader, having mentor-protà ©gà ©e relationship with Norma Rae mentoring her, the democratic style of leadership. The third style is of the management of O.P.Henley Textile Mill, being totally autocratic, authoritarian style of leadership. Analysing leadership The main leadership paradigms illustrated in the film are- Leaders can be created or Leadership as a Process Contingency Theory of Leadership and Situational Leadership Transformational Leadership Mentor-Protà ©gà ©e Relationship Authentic Ethical Leadership The Gender Perspective of leadership Social identity theory of leadership Leadership can be created or leadership as a process: A strong theme across disciplines is to gain better understanding of what constitutes effective leadership and which factors have an influence on leadership performance(Singh 2008) It was the confidence, Integrity, Connection, Resilience and the aspiration which made Norma Rae an overall effective leader. She was a made leader who gathered the courage and made the most effective use by synergising the team work for a purposeful action. Gather the courage and understanding to confront the competitive -independent milieus of most organisations; work with employees so that they are convinced that teamwork is to their advantage; and put teamwork to work to achieve synergy up and down and across the organisation.(Tjosvold and Tjosovold 1991) Norma Rae as a movie opposes the applicability of trait leadership also. As under the tutelage of Ruebens, Norma even without the charismatic power which is perceived to be an important aspect of leadership achieves the impossible even for her also. It is one of the contradictions under which she lived till the time Ruebens became his mentor and the relationship converted into mentor-protà ©gà ©e relationship. Norma marshalled (Bennis and Nanus, 1997) the skills under the tutelage of Rueben. Norma Rae with the cognitive ability (Bruce Avolio, 2005:25) even, after being rejected from the pastor, conducted meeting at her home, facing the conflict with Sonny also. Even after facing the conflicts both from the work and even from the family she was able to trudge through the path successfully and won her followers what they deserved. Even after being confronted hard by the company (work-conflict) she was able to stand as strong, as a powerful woman who conveyed the vision to everyone. She was able to win the hearts of the followers as she had the same pain. Contingency Theory of leadership and Situational Leadership As Bennis suggested that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦more leaders have been made by accident, circumstances, and sheer will then have been made by all the leadership courses. Leadership and the leadership style is subjected to situations and circumstances (Howell et al, 2006) as shown in the movie also where Norma is completely being transformed and she fights for workers altogether. Its the way she exhibited situational leadership to motivate other workers when she holds the piece of cardboard with the word union written on it. This further formulated the worker to understand the real depth behind that word and they joined together by switching off their machines. Norma took the responsibility to integrate them through a single powerful word with deep silence and innocent eyes thriving to get them what they actually deserved. All the workers got turned into the followers as being aroused by eager and wants, by portraying the single idea from their perspective (Halpern et al, 2003) Transformational leadership Enthusiasm, Energy, Engagement, Sharing Power and information and encouraging participation are key skills or traits being present in a transformational leader. As said by Roserner (1990), a transformational leader is one who can transform and is able to motivate subordinates to transform their own self interest into the interest of the group through concern for a broader goal. Norma as a transformational leader had a very good understanding of the psychology of his followers to inspirationally motivate them and intellectually stimulate them. (Pierce et al, 2008). Norma Rae being personally identified as one of them was able to encourage the followers and motivated them to lend themselves for a common cause. Vinnicombe and Singh (2002) also described a women management and communication style as being based on personal respect, mutual trust, and regard for the contribution that each team member can bring, and the development of the individual and diverse talent. Rueben, being a charismatic transformational leader, told the story about his grandfather and unions to create a vision and demonstrate the values of working as a team and how a unified team is like a family. He knew that transformational leadership is a multi-level construct and type of individualised relationship that a leader establishes with followers which emerges within team members also. Even as described in transformational theories that emotional processes being as important as rational processes it signifies symbolic action and Instrumental behaviour. Rueben also told Norma Rae to leave when she behaves rudely and counsels her to be diplomatic. Rueben displays a very high emotional intelligence in situations. Even ( Avolio and Bass-1995) argued that transformational leadership is a multi-level construct and its the type of individualised relationship that a leader establishes with followers which emerges within team members also. High levels of Emotional Intelligence as said by (Goleman-1998) being the most important for effective leaders as it provides them the ability to adapt themselves to the different situations especially crisis. Authentic-Ethical leadership Gardener also has stated about authentic leadership and authentic leaders such as Genuine leaders are the ones who lead by example in fostering healthy ethical climates characterised by transparency, trust, integrity, and high moral standards. Such leaders can be called as authentic leaders who are not only true to themselves, but they lead also lead others by helping them to achieve authenticity also (Gardener et al. 2005:344) Rueben also exhibits authentic ethical leadership which is related to values and commitment for self development of the team members. As said: Ethical Leadership is also related to leader personality traits and needs (Brown Trevino, 2006b; OConnor Mumford, Clifton, Gessner , Connelly , 1995). Rueben has demonstrated all aspects of an effective leader with high level of conscientiousness, High Emotional maturity, Low nuerotocism, Low narcissism and high internal locus of control. Even Norma also shares strong internal locus of control as she also believes that lives are determined more by our own actions than by chance or Uncontrollable forces ,which is further groomed with Rueben motivation. According to Bass and Steidlmeier (1999), there is disparity between authentic transformational leader and the Pseudo Transformational leadership. Authentic leadership is a lot more than performing in a transformational way. The authentic transformational leaders are more based on their moral and virtuous foundations. The Gender Perspective of leadership As the meta analysis done by Eagly,Johannesen-Schmidt Van Engen ,(2003) it explains that women uses slightly more transformational leadership behaviour than men which makes them more renowned among the followers. Norma demonstrated courage as well as individualised consideration for everyone as shes used to remember the names of people in the movie which included supportive behaviour as well as the efforts to develop subordinates skill and confidence. Acc to Heller (1982) also there is a common myth that leadership is gender specific and only men make good leaders. Even in the movie Sonny complains to Norma about her casual behaviour towards family and paying more attention towards her union work. This incident also reflects that women are supposed to be taking care of household work only. This mindset is completely condemned by Norma and she proves that leadership is beyond gender and in fact women have certain characteristic that awards them the edge over men in being the leaders, like -empathy, and a caring attitude (Heller, 1982). Norma exhibits a classic example of an made leader and marks that womens posses the potential to become an outstanding leaders than men. Social Identity theory of leadership Norma Rae closely represents the group characteristics as well as aspiration, Norms and values of the group as shes one of them. She creates a social identity (Hogg ,2001) within the group. Norma Rae works closely with the followers and transforms them. Norma as depicted in the movie also very creative in expressing her beliefs for social development particularly when she holds that play card of Union in her hands. As supposed by (Reicher and Haslam, in press-b) that both leader and followers are active interpreter of social world. In Norma Rae also both Norma and the followers struggles for creating an equal world for all. It allows them to create their own world and rather than the one made by others. Such strategies are most common when there is Undemocratic and dictatorial regimes( Reicher Hopkins ,2003; Koonz, 2003: Overy ,2004) which is being followed by O.P Henley management. Conclusion Norma Rae has demonstrated the real potential of the womens and portrayed the real life of Crystal Lee Sutton. Like Norma Rae all the women do posses the ability to become effective leaders. Norma had portrayed a very distinct and extra-ordinary style of leadership with the help of his mentor Rueben. She achieved the goal of Unionisation and got her people what they actually deserved. Stodgill (1948, p. 64) also said that: A person does not become a leader by virtue of the possession of some combination of traits.the pattern of personal characteristics of the leader must bear some relevant relationship to the characteristics ,activities, and goals of the followers.

Italian Immigration vs Irish Immigration

This paper will contrast the two dominant populations of immigrants to the United States in the 19th and early 20th century. These two groups of immigrants were from Italy and Ireland. The reasons both of these groups immigrated to the United States are very similar, but their cultures were vastly different, and the marks they left on our society are still felt to this day. At the beginning of the 19th century the dominant industry of Ireland was agriculture. Large areas of the country were under the control of landowners living in England. Much of this land was rented to small farmers who, because of a lack of capital, farmed with antiquated implements and used outdated methods. The land was unable to sustain the population and many began to look for new lands to live. In 1816 around 6,000 Irish people sailed for America. Within two years this figure had doubled. Early arrivals were recruited to build canals and do other labor intensive jobs. In 1818 over 3,000 Irish laborers were employed building the Erie Canal. By 1826 around 5,000 were working on four separate canal projects. The peak of Irish immigration occurred in the 1840s, when half of all immigrants to the United States came from Ireland. Ireland had the highest population density in all of Europe during this time period, but the country was unable to sustain its citizens. This resulted in widespread starvation and difficult living conditions, and many Irish immigrants chose to leave their homeland and make their way in America. In 1850 there were 960,000 people in the United States that had emigrated from Ireland. The vast majority lived in New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Illinois, Ohio and New Jersey. The Irish Immigrant Society tried to persuade immigrants to move to other parts of the United States, but the vast majority were very poor, and had no money for transportation or to buy land. They therefore tended to settle close to their port of entry into the United States. One of the largest factors in the large numbers of Irish Immigrants was a serious disease affecting Irish potatoes, which ruined about 75% of the country's crop. This was a major disaster because over four million people in Ireland depended on the potato as their main food. The disease returned in 1846 and over the next year an estimated 350,000 people died of starvation and an outbreak of typhus also decimated the population. Despite good potato crops over the next four years, people continued to die from rampant diseases, and in 1851 the Census Commissioners estimated that nearly a million people had died during the Irish food crisis. The Irish food shortage stimulated a desire to immigrate. By the end of 1854 nearly two million people (about a quarter of the population) had immigrated to the United States. Another major factor for mass immigration was the political situation under British rule. Many bad political decisions made by the British, affected the quality of life of the Irish citizens and contributed to the massive disease outbreaks and crop failures. The dream of many Irishmen was the chance to own their own land. Freedom and a democratic government that promised a voice in their government also had a romantic appeal to the hordes of Irish Immigrants. Religious freedom was another important factor. Of course it was really tough for new Irish immigrants in the US, but they proved themselves to be a hardy and resilient group of people. Thousands of Irish laborers worked on building the railroads in the United States. Some were able to save enough money to buy land and establish themselves as farmers along the routes they had helped to develop. This was especially true of Illinois and by 1860 there were 87,000 Irish people living in this state. Other Irish immigrants became coalminers in Pennsylvania. Working conditions in the mines were terrible with no safety requirements, no official inspections and no proper ventilation. When workers were mistreated for trade union activity, they formed a secret society called the Molly Maguires. Named after an anti-landlord organization in Ireland, the group attempted to frighten mine-owners and their supporters. The group was not broken-up until 1875. The Irish tended to support the Democratic Party rather than the Republican Party. They had little sympathy for slaves as they feared that if they were given their freedom they would move north and threaten the jobs being done by Irish immigrants. However, on the outbreak of the Civil War general an estimated 170,000 men born in Ireland joined the Union Army, whereas only 40,000 were in the Confederate Army. One Irish immigrant, Thomas Meagher, became a highly successful general in the war. Before 1870, there were few Italian immigrants in the United States. Italy was one of the most populated countries in Europe and many began to consider the possibility of leaving Italy to escape low wages, high taxes and little opportunity to better themselves. Most of these immigrants were uneducated and from rural communities. From 1890 to 1900, around 650,000 Italian immigrants arrived in the United States, of whom two-thirds were men. Most planned to return to Italy once they had built up some savings, but many realized the opportunities that existed in their new country and sent for their families to join them. The earliest Italian immigrants to the United States were from Northern Italy, who became prominent as fruit merchants in New York and wine growers in California. Later, more and more immigrants came from Southern Italy and the communities and institutions they formed reflected the region's of Italy they came from. The main push factor for Italians was poor economic opportunities in Italy during this period, particularly in the southern regions, and pull factor of easily obtainable jobs in the United States. Italians settled in cities and often dominated specific neighborhoods, called â€Å"Little Italys†, where they could cooperate with one another and find favorite foods. Most arrived with little cash or education since most had been peasant farmers in Italy. They lacked craft skills, and therefore generally performed manual labor. With a strong interest in food, they became fruit peddlers and gardeners, and opened neighborhood groceries and restaurants that catered to fellow Italians. Most Italians found unskilled work in America's cities. There were large colonies in New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Baltimore and Detroit. From 1900 to 1910 over 2,100,000 arrived. Of these, around 40% eventually returned to Italy. Willing to work long hours on low wages, the Italians now began to rival the Irish for much of the unskilled work available in industrial areas. This sometimes led to hostilities breaking out between the two groups of workers. Italian neighborhoods were typically older areas with overcrowded houses and poor sanitation. Tuberculosis was very common. Italian immigration peaked from 1900 until 1914. In the American South, Italian immigrants met hostility and violence, sometimes even becoming the victims of violent crimes from other immigrant populations who resented the vast numbers of them invading their communities and taking jobs and resources away. For Italians, like other immigrant groups, politics, entertainment, sports, crime, and especially small business served as ladders for upward mobility. Italian American politicians, however, were hindered by a lack of ethnic organization. Italian Americans achieved notable success in both classical and popular music. Italian Americans were particularly successful in areas that did not require extensive formal education such as sales and small business ownership. In conclusion, The United States has greatly benefited from the many contributions of both Irish and Italian Immigrants. They have been instrumental in helping to build the infrastructure of the United States during the 19th and 20th century, and both of their cultures have been woven into the basic lifestyles that most of us enjoy today. Reference www.latinamericanstudies.org/italian-immigrants.htm

John F. Kennedy s Inaugural Speech - 2478 Words

Being number two on the list of top one hundred speeches in www.americanrhetoric.com, it is no surprise that John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural speech on January 20, 1961had a great impact on the American public (ar100). His speech is famous for it’s eloquence and ending call to action, challenging the American public to, â€Å"ask not what your country can do for you-ask what you can do for your country (JFK 1).† Traditionally, inaugural speeches are given to unify the nation and provide a clear picture of what the future will look like throughout the presidency. During the time of Kennedy’s inaugural speech, the American people were becoming increasingly fearful of a very long cold war. However, instead of instilling a feeling of peace for the United States, Kennedy spoke of a long struggle, emphasizing the major differences between the United States and its enemies, and outlined the specific responsibilities and obligations of the United States citizens. Kenne dy’s speech was eloquently delivered and well-crafted, however there was much more depth to his speech than just how well is was delivered. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address showed the American foreign policy and raised the stakes of the cold war. This essay will critically analyze Kennedy’s Inaugural Address. Kennedy called for an increase in the United States role of intervening in global relations and expanding in the name of freedom. Kennedy vows to support any nation wanting to pursue liberty and democracy. This call for anShow MoreRelatedJohn F Kennedy s Inaugural Speech947 Words   |  4 PagesJohn F Kennedy’s inaugural speech is widely considered one of the best speeches ever given. By the time Kennedy was elected, he had earned a degree from Harvard University, spent time in the Navy during the Second World War, and was already enjoying a successful political career serving in both houses of Congress. 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Family Developmental Theory ( Fdt ) Essay - 1472 Words

Family Developmental Theory (FDT) first came about in the last 1940s, as a need to understand how families and the individuals within the family function in order to have their needs met (Smith Hamon, 2012). According to Smith and Hamon (2012) unlike the psychology-based theories, which concentrate on an individual and sociology-based theories address the social and cultural aspects, FDT places the family at the center of its assessment (p.70). In this theoretical memo basic assumption of FDT will be discussed and related to the Galager family case study. The following are the six basic assumptions of FDT: (a) developmental processes are essential in understanding families that also change over time (b) there are tasks associated with each stage of development, (c) institutional norms regulate family behavior, (d) development is reciprocal, (e) families must be viewed in multiple levels of analysis, and (f) families must be observed over time (p. 72). In order to discuss family deve lopment, one must first have an understanding of what is meant by the term family. Although there are many descriptions attempting to define family, the following contemporary definition is more accurate, â€Å"The family is who they say they are† (Wright Leakey, 2013). With that said, the case study family, the Galagers, consist of a married heterosexual couple, two adult daughters, and their three dogs. Although majority of the family acknowledges these animals as part of the family, patriarch