Congressional Era Of Reconstruction During Post Civil War...

â€Å"Failure is simply an opportunity to begin again, this time more intelligently.† —Henry Ford. This was the Southern optimist’s view of what the results of post Civil War Reconstruction could be. Unfortunately, once the Congressional era of Reconstruction began, this view was squandered under federal punishment of the South. This policy led to strained relations between Congress and the ex-Confederate states. The difference of opinion was over how harshly the South should be punished for leaving the Union. The South wanted to be readmitted with as little friction as possible, so they sided with the Democrats, like Robert E. Lee, and Moderate Republicans. Congress on the other hand, being mostly controlled by Radical Republicans, believed†¦show more content†¦One explicit difference of policy was over the use of troops to put the South into military districts that were under martial law and putting Northern Generals over Southern troops. As historian S. Chase said in the Democratic National Committee of 1873 â€Å"There should have been as l ittle military government as possible.† This policy was even more harshly debated because these troops were there to enforce a law that the Southerners were not ever able to vote on until they were forced to vote for it if they wanted to rejoin the United States, which they had to do because they lost the Civil War. This force, both physically and ideologically, seemed very out of place in a country that claimed to be the land of the free, and even more out of place since it was a Democracy. This ideological difference between Southerners and Congress has been a major point of contention in discussions about Reconstruction policy since it was put into practice. Another point of policy disagreement can be seen in how representation in the South would be handled. In accordance with Congressional Reconstruction, certain classes of ex-Confederates, such as the class that Robert E. Lee was in, were excluded from being granted their suffrage . This was an outrage to Southerners for two reasons. The first is that the certain classes being exempted from regaining their suffrage were the highest part of the upper class and the people of high rank from the ex-Confederate

HCS Free Essays

How to control: Several engineering measures and work practices are recommended to control ergonomic hazards during garment transfer, pressing and bagging activities. Include modifying equipment, making changes in work practices and purchasing new tools or other devices to assist in the production process. By making these changes, it has reduced physical demands, and eliminated unnecessary movements and lowered injuries. We will write a custom essay sample on HCS or any similar topic only for you Order Now Personal protective equipment: Watch what’s happening around you, don’t work in confined spaces, have good posture and don’t be lazy. Use all the safety requirements when using heavy or dangerous equipment. Physical Hazards How to control: Some strategies to controlling a physical hazard includes. Effective detection and elimination systems. Effective facility maintenance. On-line visual inspection, Detection methods include metal detectors, x-ray machines, optical systems. Good manufacturing practices, End product screening etc. PEE: Wear your hard hats, use all the WHAMS symbols too help you. All your basic safety equipment; gloves, glasses, etc. Psychosocial How to control: Don’t work with heavy or dangerous material when you are stressed, over tired or under the influence of drugs and alcohol. Personal protective equipment: Put signs to help you such as † Any form of abuse will not be tolerated her†. Stress relieving activities such as massages, face masks, or even try changing your diet. Chemical Hazards How to control: Remove the hazard from the work place. Control any injuries in a way tha t is necessary. Such as eyes, if you get chemicals in your eyes there are equipment to wash out your eyes as fast as possible. Personal protective equipment: Equipment worn by individuals to reduce exposure such as contact with chemicals or exposure to noise. Biological How to control: Controlling Biological is quit impel and common sense. If you have the flu, you take all the medication that is necessary, and stay out of public too avoid spreading germs. If medication doesn’t do the trick, going to see a doctor is your second most effective Way Of getting well again. Doctors will supply you with the proper medication or treatment that is required Personal Protective Equipment: wearing surgical masks when needed. Fire safety Examining and justifying the need for fire safety legislation/standards. The main reason why we have the need for safety and legislation standards for fire safety is so we all know how to handle a fire in he most safe and effective way. By exciting the safest ways etc. Before starting a new job, you must make sure you are aware of where all fire equipment lays in the area. Elements of fire include qualities of brightness, thinness, and motion. Fire we use the warm our homes, too cook our food, side around it to ward the night an active element which is contrary to water. Fire is the converter of the energy of other objects into other forms such as, heat, light, ash and smoke. Addressing fire hazards fire prevention Messy crowded building, such as pulp mills have multiple fire hazards, to keep things safe and orderly notations, you can make signs, to notify people to the dangers that they might face. Or if you find an unsafe condition that you are unsure how too handle, report it! Tell the manager/coordinator. Fire prevention: Take cooking for example, to avoid fire caused by cooking; ;Don’t leave cooking food/grills unattended. Keep things that can burn (think dishtowels, paper or plastic bags) at least three feet away from the stove top ; Loose-fitting clothes can catch on fire, so be sure to roll up long sleeves. Fire classifications and comparing the appropriate extinguishers Class A: Fires involving ordinary combustible materials, such as paper, wood, and textile fibers, where a cooling, blanketing, or wetting extinguishing agent is neede d. Class B: Fires involving flammable liquids such as gasoline, thinners, lullabies paints and greases. Extinguishers for this type of fire include carbon dioxide, dry chemical* and halogenated agent types. Class C: Fires involving energize electrical equipment, where a no conducting gaseous clean agent or smothering agent is needed. The most common type of extinguisher for this class is a carbon dioxide extinguisher. Class D: Fires involving combustible metals such as magnesium, sodium, potassium, titanium, and aluminum. Special dry powder* extinguishing agents are required for this class of fire, and must be tailored to the specific hazardous metal. Class K: Fires involving commercial cooking appliances with vegetable oils, animal oils, or fats at high temperatures. A wet potassium acetate, low pH- based agent is used for this class of fire. Electrical Safety/Hazards At home; Frayed or worn electric cords, Electrical appliances such as radios, hairdryers, or radiators used near showers, baths or swimming pools. Wet floors are resent where electricity is used. At School; The Smart Board wiring Ordinary outlets near water sources, faulty equipment. At work; Overloading electrical circuits and extension cords, Electrically operated office equipment such as computers, printers, scanners and shredders should also be checked regularly to ensure their power cords are not defective, frayed or improperly installed. Address these fire hazards by always having the proper equipment. Keep fire preventable materials locked up, never throw water of your fires in the kitchen, always salt or soda. Don’t overload circuits by putting to many plugs into one. Electrical Safety Your own safety plan for establishing a safe work conditions are keep informed on how to be safe, do your research on electrical safety and let others know what you know. Lockout/tag out procedures; lockout is the isolation of energy from the system (a machine or equipment) which physically locks the system in a safe mode. The energy-isolating device can be a manually operated disconnect switch, a circuit breaker, or a line valve. Tag out is a labeling process that is always used when lockout is required. The process of tagging out a system involves attaching or using an indicator Ladder Safety Step ladders are often used both for inside and outside electrical connections. Extension ladders allow the user to reach heights that step ladders cannot reach. Plat form ladders allows you to work on any project that requires you to use two hands as safely as if you were on the ground itself. Being able to rotate around and work in which ever direction you need helps you to work safer and faster. Folding ladders are normally used for smaller inside tasks. These ladders have the ability to fold up when not in use for extremely easy storage. Know The Climbing Limits. Look Around For Hidden Dangers Before Climbing A Ladder Tie Off Ladders For Safety Use Proper Ladder Angles What to inspect? Missing or loose steps or rungs, damaged or worn non-slip feet, loose nails, screws, bolts or nuts, rot, decay or warped rails in wooden ladders. Etc. Proper storage; where they are protected from the weather, horizontally on racks. Ensure that storage areas are easy to reach, tie ladders to each support point to reduce damage. Etc. Confined Space Safety TO find Out whether a space is confined or not, ask yourself, Is the space fully or partially enclosed? Is the space not both designed and constructed for continuous human occupancy? Confined space† means a fully or partially enclosed space, that is not both designed and constructed for continuous human occupancy, and in which atmospheric hazards may occur because of its construction, location or contents or because of work that is done in it. Confined Space Associated Dangers in confined spaces can include: ;Poor air quality: There may be an insufficient amount of oxygen for the worker to breathe. ;Chemical exposures due to skin contact or ingestion as well as inhalation of ‘bad’ air. ;Safety hazards such as moving parts of equipment, structural hazards, entanglement, slips, falls. Uncontrolled energy including electrical shock. Before entering a confined space/Creating your own plan you should test the quality of the air, care should be taken to ensure that air is tested throughout the confined space – side-to-side and top to bottom. Always ensure the testing equipment is properly calibrated and maintained Rescue Plan Training requirements; address the following: the company’s policy and confined space program limiting the employees’ access to confined spaces and their hazards, they must recognize the confined space warning and identification signs; changes in use or configuration f non-permit spaces that could require the space to be reclassified as a permit-required space; and, finally, procedures that address employees of other companies who enter and work in the prerequisites confined spaces of the employer. WHIMS Why WHIMS? WHIMS is a System is a proper safety compliance system designed for workers involved in handling different kinds of hazardous materials. Classes of WHIMS Class A – Compressed gas WHIMS Class DO. SVGA Class B -Flammable and combustible material Class C – Oxidize material Class D-l – Materials causing immediate and serious toxic effects Class D-2 – Materials causing other toxic effects Class D-3 – Bio hazardous infectious Labels on controlled products label is one of the ways health hazard information is made available to anyone using the material. How to cite HCS, Papers

Neoliberalism The American Welfare State †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Neoliberalism The American Welfare State? Answer: Introducation The government for drug testing chooses the Canterbury-Banks town of Sydney to benefit the welfare recipients. This area is chosen as it is highly affected by drug problem, which is evident from the data that shows an increased amount of hospital admission due to the methamphetamine usage (Drugabuse.gov, 2017). Australias Prime Minister, has stated that it will bring in cashless welfare cards. The reason behind this drug testing organization is to spread love and compassion. The vision behind this regime is to create a welfare atmosphere and to restrict people from getting addicted to drugs. It is done with an intention to help people suffering in this situation (Abc.net.au, 2017). According to academician Lawrence M.Mead, a paternalistic welfare reform aims in creating a welfare state. It focuses on making people more disciplined to live a health life. The aim is to create a proper way of lifestyle for recipients by making them eligible to earn their living (Mead, 2012). The drug test policy as advocated by the government will curb welfare recipients from drug intake. A drug test policy will promote a paternalistic welfare reform in the society by encouraging people to live a healthy, meaningful life and in being responsible citizen. The two advantages of benefit payment to drug testing are firstly, the employees will be provided with a basic card on passing a test positively. This will limit their cash withdrawal to check their drug dosage. Secondly, this will give a support to the jobseekers looking for employment. The companies in which, drug testing is mandatory the employee needs to pass through the test. The company shall bear this cost provided the employee passes the test (Communitylaw.org.nz, 2017). The two potential costs are firstly, it is costly for the companies to conduct drug test of their employees because if the jobseekers has to go for the test even before they learn to check it. It is important to provide them first with the requisite help in order to allow them to get a control over themselves. Secondly, if the employees past the drug test positively then the company pays the cost. This makes it clear that despite the cost, it is important to take measures in order to keep a control over the drug usage. The governments approach to this drug addiction and policy is mandatory. This policy and action is not evidence based yet its impact and significance cannot be neglected. There is no such scientific research that has been conducted for implementing such a policy but it is definitely based on data collected from the hospital admission due to over usage of drugs. The policy is implemented due to its detrimental effect on society based on social need, experience and demand from public. Hence, even if it is felt that the evidence in favor of such a reform is poor still this is essential for the betterment of society and individuals affected by this. References Abc.net.au. (2017). Retrieved 16 September 2017, from Sydney welfare recipients could face random drug tests as early as January. (2017). ABC News. Retrieved 16 September 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-22/welfare-recipients-could-face-drug-tests-as-early-as-january/8827288 Communitylaw.org.nz. (2017).Types of benefits - Community Law.Community Law. Retrieved 16 September 2017, from https://communitylaw.org.nz/community-law-manual/chapter-6-dealing-with-work-and-income/types-of-benefits-chapter-6/ Drugabuse.gov. (2017). Retrieved 16 September 2017, from Methamphetamine. (2017). Drugabuse.gov. Retrieved 16 September 2017, from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/methamphetamine Mead, L. M. (2012). Neoliberalism, Race, and the American Welfare State.Perspectives on Politics,10(4), 982-984.

Witchcraft Religion Essay Example For Students

Witchcraft Religion Essay Since in this view, societal needs are mediated by individual agents responding, holding attitudes, and acting such a need fulfillment theory reduces to a psychological one. Every important custom has its pragmatic or emotional value for some members of the society, or else it falls into disuse and is forgotten. To reduce all actions to satisfying needs seems slightly simplistic. Many customs are observed today despite their original function now being long obsolete: no doubt many convinced atheists still throw spilt salt over their left shoulder, but in no way believe that this is because Beelzebub himself is standing behind them. We will write a custom essay on Witchcraft Religion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Furthermore, conclusions based upon the psychological makeup of people in the distant past are problematical because it is very hard to make the jump from what the sources tell us to what assumptions about the world actually lay behind them. As much as the anthropologist, studying cultures which are distant in space, the historian studying cultures distant in time must overcome a considerable difference in language, where the subtler meanings of words may be lost on the outside observer. Thomas does attempt to recreate the mental world of witch belief, and probably gets close to how it actually was, but there is no way of absolutely verifying his ideas. As such, with his anthropologically-informed conclusions resting at least in part upon his reconstruction of past mentalities, Thomas conclusions seem to have a potentially weak foundation. Religion and the Decline of Magic undoubtedly profits in some way at least from its borrowings from anthropology. Some of its main conclusions owe much to anthropological conclusions, and these are not simply forced upon history without the cross-examination of historical evidence. In the last resort this is a work of history drawing upon anthropology, not of anthropological conclusions imposed upon the past as part of some general positivist scheme. It is, however, far from perfect. The examples used, while numerous, are given in a sentence or two, which cannot hope to relate the full implications of the source being employed, and might simply be distortions of the facts to back up the scheme Thomas attempts to describe. The whole survey seems slightly lopsided as a result of the consideration of mainly anthropologically-informed conclusions, and some of the conclusions which he does draw seem to have their share of weaknesses. All of this is harsh criticism, though, especially as very few books (and this would be one of them) claim to tell the whole story. Thomas does show that anthropology can open up a number of routes of enquiry which may well have been obscure to conventional historians, and indeed to shed light on historical events. He may have gone a little too far in his borrowings, but he does not write bad history by any means. In the opinion of E. P. Thompson, Religion and the Decline of Magic is, an immensely important and stimulating book BIBLIOGRAPHY G. R. Elton, The Practice of History (London 1987) C. Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures (London 1993) H. Geertz, An Anthropology of religion and Magic, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 6 (1975) K. Thomas, History and Anthropology, Past and Present, 24 (1963) K. Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic (London 1971) E. P. Thompson, Anthropology and the Discipline of Historical Context, Midland History, 1 (1971).

Grad school essay Essays

Grad school essay Essays Grad school essay Essay Grad school essay Essay Leadership development program David Jackson is a board member and graduate of Leadership Prince Georges Inc., which is a Non-Profit Leadership Organization that mainly supports community leaders for the core purpose of refining and improving their leadership abilities. As the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Facilitator of the course, I first met David during the leadership development program. In the program, David was acting as a participant and myself was a board member where I was actively involved on embarking a number of community projects. Although the leadership development training program involved many other things, Davids role in it was considerable definite. He was involved in vigorous participating focus that helped the participants in a number of ways. For instance, he mainly focused on increasing understanding to their self through self-reflection, and challenging the boundaries of personal beliefs in order to encourage growth and create more effective leadership. During the progress of the course, it was evident that David possessed distinctive ability to meet and overcome challenges to his personal beliefs as an individual and also as part of the team. Throughout each of the training modules, David had the opportunity to provide and receive feedback to myself as the facilitator, and from other instructors, classmates, and work colleagues. David was always engaged, had a teachable attitude, and received constructive criticism with a positive attitude, which is good for every individual who is open minded. Home health agency I can ascertain to everyone that I have known David to be an individual who is highly committed to his own development through the taking of the leadership course, as well as seeking to enroll in other current course or other business and training courses. Moreover, I have also known him to be committed to his own physical development, which he has easily achieved through healthy eating and exercise. He is always ready to share advice and information on how one can keep fit to any individual who is interested in : Therefore, in conclusion, I can comfortably state that David is always willing to help others with advice about improving their own health and well-being. He owns and operates a home health agency, and volunteers in various community organizations such as the American Heart Association, the Prince Georges County Healthcare Action Coalition, INOVA Mt Vernon Hospital. He is also engaged serves on various boards such as Leadership Prince George;s, Prince George;s Chamber of Commerce and Reid Temple Trustees. ; ; ;

Balance Scorecard for Air India

Balance Scorecard for Air India Introduction Air India is the prime and oldest Airline of India. It is the State carrier which currently connects to rest of the world such as the Americas, Asia, Europe, etc. It is headquartered at Nariman Point, Mumbai in the Air India Building. It is the 16th largest Airline in Asia & serves out of two major Domestic hubs in India at the Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi & CST Terminal, Mumbai. The airline started its journey with the Maiden flight from Karachi Airport to Mumbai Airport via Ahmedabad in July 1932. It was founded by JRD Tata and later on acquired by the State. Air India has two subsidiaries and two affiliated carries. Together Air India, Air India Cargo, Air India Express, Indian and Air India Regional form the National Aviation Company of India Limited. It currently serves 11 countries across the globe apart from the various domestic destinations. Air India Cargo It serves as the cargo operator for the airline serving in conjunction with on ground truck- transportation systems and achieving synergies to increase returns. The carrier also is allowed to carry dangerous (hazardous cargo) & animals under IATA rules. Air India Regional The airline previously known as alliance air serves the interior small airports domestically to serve the needs of such regions with smaller aircrafts. The hub for this is at the IGI airport in Delhi. Indian It focuses on the domestic touch points for the airline. It serves various destinations in the country with two major hubs at Delhi & Mumbai. Air India Express The airline subsidiary was formed in 2005 to serve the low cost space in the South east Asia and the Gulf region. This is a no frills airline which focuses on the low cost travel mind space for its consumers. Tangible Assets Fleet and Material Resources Air India has continuously being trying to improve its Aircraft fleets. It has recently added 17 new aircrafts which include B777’s- Long range aircrafts and it has also procured some 15 n ew airbus aircrafts to serve its domestic destinations. Currently the Air India fleet stands at a strong 136 aircrafts. Air India serves various international destinations such as in the USA which includes Newark, JFK & Chicago with its non-stop Boeing Long range aircrafts. The detailed aircraft distribution is as given in the table below: Network Air India operates from various cities across India like Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Lucknow, Jaipur, Varanasi, Tiruchirapalli, Gaya and Thiruvananthapuram in totality 16 cities for its international location flights. The need of boarding flights from metros for international locations has thus ceased thus providing better opportunities to other cities to develop economically and aid in the country’s growth story. The various requirements in terms of customs, etc. are directly done in these cities. Air India also has code sharing agreements with various airlines across t he world providing better accessibility to other locations. International Hub: Air India has established its international hub at Frankfurt for better transfers and code shares across the world. It has forged partnerships with Lufthansa and is currently vying for being a part of the Star Alliance. These alliances has strengthened AI’s network in the US and Europe to a large extent.

Comparison of the Happiness Concept of Young and Elderly Person Essay

Comparison of the Happiness Concept of Young and Elderly Person - Essay Example Happiness baffles definition. Each one sees the new horizon. Happiness is also related to time and circumstances and the level of spiritual progression of an individual. Spiritual giants, philosophers, and intellectuals have written millions of pages on the subjects of ‘joy’ and ‘happiness’ that have eluded the humankind in the known history. In the final analysis, the happiness of each individual is within and one has to achieve the state of happiness for oneself and it varies from individual to individual. The wise saying goes, ‘there is a beauty in the sunrise and also in the sunset’. The concept of happiness of a young man (Sunrise) discussed in the above interview differs much from the senior citizen mentioned in the second interview (Sunset). The young man is clear about the type of happiness that he is going to pursue and he is interested in long-term happiness. This means he has a vision in life and would like to remain away from negativities and gives importance to ethical values in life. He has secular ambitions; desires to earn money taking up the career of his choice, and as such, this young man is going to shape into a balanced personality and will be happy in life in the real sense of the term. According to Janaro and Altshuler (2011), this youth is given to â€Å"Critical Thinking† (the faculty of rational and logical analysis; looking at subjects objectively, gathering all information, and the opposite of jumping to hasty conclusions based upon a purely emotional response) in taking decisions in life. In the case of the senior citizen, he has c ome to terms with his life after a fairly long inning and has firmed up with his concept of happiness. He seems to be an introvert personality; the divorce might have contributed to his staying away from the society and not mixing freely with the people.     

Disscussion on any Economic Resource Which is Scarce in UAE or a Well Assignment

Disscussion on any Economic Resource Which is Scarce in UAE or a Well Known Country - Assignment Example Apart from that the water consumption in the emirates is massive and it is almost four times as that of Europe and desalinization plants will not be able to protect the fresh water resources for long time (Oil Rich But Water Scarce UAE in Grave Danger of Losing It’s Water Resources in Just 50 Years,2010). Thus identifying the problem, the paper focuses on the governmental measures to tackle this problem, cost structure and mechanism of the emirates on fresh and its price elasticity of demand. Finally it points out in suggesting optimal strategies to tackle this problem. Governmental measures to tackle the problem of water scarcity The government had been well aware of the water scarcity problem and devised many policies to overcome this problem (Massad & Kannan, n.d., p.100). However the scope of discussing all is limited and the focus is some particular strategies. The oil wealth of the UAE has attracted myriad of population into this arid empire with high demand of water whi ch made the government to face severe challenges to tackle the problem. The scarcity of water and high demand for water can be explained in a demand supply equilibrium framework. Fig.1 In the above diagram the initial equilibrium is attained at the point E, where the demand curve (DD) and supply curve SS intersects each other and the equilibrium price is P0 and the equilibrium quantity is Q0. Now as we have discussed that the population pressure has increased the demand of water to a great extent. So at the same price P0 it is found that the new demand curve (DD1) has shifted rightwards and an excess demand of occurs at that price. The supply being short there is problem in adjusting and attainment of equilibrium is a problem. Government has implemented strategies to lower the immigration rate. As for example in Dubai, the employers are subject to a new work permit quota system and are required to obtain pre-approval in order to sponsor individuals for work permits. Again in Abu Dha bi, the foreigners are required to have medical insurance or health card in order in order to obtain work permits and growing charges for attestations confirming foreign degrees .As direct consequences of the population boom heavy pressures fell on the agricultural sector of the Arab emirates. Enhanced technology research, support to local farmers, use of waste water and innovative solutions are adapted and implemented by the government to solve the water crisis problem. Other policies include large scale water production through eco-friendly techniques applied in desalinization plants, tight controls are kept on the quality of the imported produce as well as the stockpiling of the key crops (Szabo, 2011, p.6). Stress have been also given on non water policies because they are critically central to water policy reforms as the tasks becomes easier and productive when people outside the water sector show their eagerness to engage in complementary actions (Jagannathan et al, 2009, p.28 ). Awareness programs are also initiated by the government as well in solving the problem. Price elasticity of demand and water scarcity in UAE â€Å"The price elasticity of demand measures the sensitivity of the quantity demanded to changes in the price† (Elasticity n.d.). In other words it is a measure of how much a quantity demanded of a commodity changes when its price changes. Mathematically the price elasticit

Crooks Monologue Essay Example for Free

Crooks Monologue Essay I hate my life. Every day I suffer. Everyday I’m hurt. Everyday I’m discriminated against because I’m black! I just can’t take it anymore! Why do they treat me like this? I’m a human being just like they are! Just because I’m black they think they can be horrible to me and treat me like an animal. Nobody has got the rights to do that! Underneath, I’m exactly like everyone else! I have feelings – I can be happy, sad, and angry too. But no, to them I’m just a nigger. A worthless human being. Life on the ranch is so painstakingly hard and boring. Every day it’s the same cycle. I wake up, tend the horses, clean the barn and go to bed. I feel like I’m in a nightmare and can’t escape. I have nowhere to go, nowhere in on this goddamn earth to go to! Having a crippled back doesn’t help either, it’s always devastatingly painful to even lift myself out of bed! The only thing I’m looking forward to is my death, when I’ll be able to reunite with my father in heaven and live a peaceful afterlife. There’ll be no more pain, no more heartache and no more difficulties. I’ll be forever at peace. But until that day I’m gonna have to put up with hell. The worst thing about life on the ranch is the loneliness I must face every day. I wish and hope every day with all my heart for a companion. A person to share my feeling with. A person to share stories with and share laughter with. A guy needs somebody to keep him company, a guy goes nuts if he ain’t got nobody. But the most heart aching thing is that I have no family, I would do anything just to have one. I’ll never have the chance to live my American dream, to one day experience the happiness of my childhood. To have my own land, my own family and to not be discriminated against everyday cause of my colour. But all of my hopes have been shattered into a million pieces, and why? Because I’m black! I hope that one day everyone will be considered equal to each other. When everyone respects each other regardless of race, colour, gender. I hope that black people will one day break free from the chains of discrimination.

Profile of Reverand John Hale in Arthur Millers The Crucible :: Essay on The Crucible

The tragic tale of the Salem Witch Trials in Massachusetts was re-written by Arthur Miller in the form of the play â€Å"The Crucible†. The trials have been studied to figure out what really happened, but no one will ever know since it happened decades ago. The play is the closest reenactment we have to help us see how people could have reacted to life. â€Å"The Crucible† shows how using others as a cushion to keep from being punished can go extremely bad. Amidst all the chaos a man by the name Reverend John Hale came to help but ended up with making it a huge amount worse. Mr. Hale as they refer to him in the play, started out as a student at Harvard College and graduated in 1657. Ten years later he was ordained as a minister of the Parish Church in Beverly, Mass on September 20th 1667. He was the first minister of this church from what I read. A few years past and Hale was called to the Village of Salem to rid its streets of witches and witchcraft. His degree and church background make Mr. Hale the best candidate to earn people’s trust, and use it to make the investigation advantage. Mr. Hale’s trip to Salem solely took place so he could just if the girls’ sickness had to do with witchcraft. The manner at which he approached it doomed it from the start, he came in the middle of the chaos with the attitude that he could just fix everything with his books. His stubbornness to look at the situation from another point of view collided with the small town’s fear. This presence seemed to confirm their fear that the devil was already present. Salem was small enough where every one knew everyone and where he or she lived and worked. Word can spread fast and people became determined to stamp out the evil in their town. As the accusations started fueling Hales’ fire to find witchcraft other girls started acting like they were helping Salem. When all the girls started acting like the accused were strangling them and making them do bad things, it just went too far. People started being hung and more of the town started to believe what these young girls had been saying and feeling. Hales was working with the judges and town leaders to see what could be done with the alleged witches and wizards.

Napster And Musician Rights

Music copyright is something that will always be in question. Many people believe that music is for all to hear and should not be restricted on how we obtain it. Napster is the greatest controversy in the United States at current. Many musicians and people believe others should have free access to all music. Music is an expression of feelings and it is an art, And art is something that is there for others to observe whether it is by looking at it with their eyes or listening to it with their ears. We can go into a museum and view a painting freely why should we not be allowed to listen to music freely although it is air over the radio. Unrestricted access to music allows people to more readily know what music they prefer and appeals to them. The program Napster allows people to find music listen to it and find out what artist sings a particular song and listen to it. Then many of those people go out and purchase those CD’s which makes money for those bands. Free access to music allows knowledge of new bands to become more wide spread and can increase the circulation and popularity of a song and a band. Napster creates an environment that allows people all over America to share their music with others This is no different from someone copying a CD for a friend so they can have it but no one can control that just because Napster it nationwide record companies want to control it. Many recording artist state that they are losing money because of Internet programs such as Napster. This statement made by the band Metallica states the feelings of many recording artist â€Å"From day one our fight has always been to protect the rights of artists who chose not to have their music exploited without consent. The court’s decision validates this right and confirms that Napster was wrong in taking not only Metallica’s music but other artists who do not want to be a part of the Napster system and exploiting it without their approval. † We have never objected to the technology, the Internet or the digital distribution of music. All we have ever asked is that artists be able to control how, when and in what form their creativity is distributed through these channels. These are some of the basic rights that Napster has continually refused to accept. Many musical artist feel that they are being cheated because people are not paying to listen to their music. Just like a poem some songs are not meant for the world to hear and Napster puts songs all over America available at the click of a button. Although Napster does offer music to be accessed by anyone it does not censor children from accessing music that contains lyrics not appropriate for them. Altough parents should be responsible for obtaining programs or viewing what their children are accessing online. As a musical artist myself I believe that everyone should have access to all music at no cost but if you want to have that music on such as a CD you should have to pay for the artist time and effort put into making that CD you wouldn’t goto work everyday if you didn’t get paid. Napster also allows people for all over the nation to share and introduce others to new music and who has the right to restrict the freedom and ideas of an individual who is trying to express themselves. Napster is something that will always be in controversy as long as it exist but who will make the final decision.

Happiness Express, Inc. Essay

The primary audit objectives that auditors hope to accomplish by confirming the client’s year-end accounts receivable are if the purchaser is real and confirms the balance (existence) and that the transactions that should have been were recorded correctly (completeness). Since confirmations go outside the firm being audited and ask the customers or vendors to confirm or deny amounts that the company is reporting, they also give valuation. The confirmation process lets the auditor figure out if a client even exists and if the correct balances were recorded. The objectives for performing year-end sales cut-off tests is to ensure the transactions are recorded in the correct accounting period (timing/cutoff) and that all the recorded transactions should have been recorded and actually took place (completeness/occurrence). Mistakes or errors in judgment that Coopers & Lybrand may have made in trying to confirm the Wow Wee in 1995 receivable were notifying Michael Goldman that they were going to seek confirmation from Wow Wee, allowing Goldman to do the follow up contact with Wow Wee when the confirmation wasn’t returned, and not doing any follow-up procedures when they finally did receive a conformation from Wow Wee, which ended up being fabricated by Goldberg. I think these mistakes and errors definitely involve negligence in the part of the auditor for over involving Goldberg in the process of confirming Wow Wee’s accounts. I also believe they were reckless because there seems to be no professional skepticism at play. Wow Wee being a toy manufacturing, not responding to their confirmation requests, and having large orders near the year end did not being enough to signal to the auditors that something suspicious is happening is pure recklessness. Even if it did not seem like fraud simply relying on a faxed confirmation was over and beyond negligence. Coopers and Lybrand auditors should have confirmed West Coast Liquidators’ receivables because they accounted for about 13% of Happiness Espress’s accounts receivable and a confirmation would have been the proper way to ensure the existence of those accounts.

Classical Authors Directory

Classical Authors Directory Classical Literature in English Translation | Index of Classical Authors Genres and Literary Terminology: Philosophy | Epic | Epigrams | Old Comedy | Roman Drama | Satire | Epistle | Terminology for Tragedy | Tragedy | Meter in Greek and Latin Poetry At some point in our prehistory people started telling stories to one another. Later, stories were composed in forms that others could repeat. Story-telling is easy to envision as the origin of some forms of literature, especially bardic ballads, novels, and plays. Even philosophy is an attempt to explain a story or truth about the world. Here is a quick look at how the genres of Greek and Latin literature evolved and many of the major contributors to the genres at least those whose works survive.After a quick review of the genres youll find an alphabetical list of the Greek and then the Roman writers. Philosophy Ancient thinkers wrote verse about what they observed in nature. Did that make them scientists? poets? Yes, but they are generally referred to as Presocratic Philosophers. Many aspects of culture were still without distinct form at this time, which was during the Archaic Age of Ancient Greece. Drama / Plays The origin of drama is mired in legend, but to the best of our information, drama seems to have arisen as part of religious worship. Today we divide plays into the categories of comedy and tragedy. TragedyThe word tragedy appears to come from the words for goat and song or ode.ChorusThe first element in Greek tragedy was the chorus, which danced and sang poetry created by the dramatist at the religious festivals.ActorsActors came later, with the great tragedians.ComedyComedy seems to have come from phallic processions followed by sacrifices, but we dont know. Its etymology appears to come from komos (connected with revels), plus the word for song. Poetry Epic PoetryThe man​ who is  credited with creating the epics we know of as the Iliad and Odyssey, (whom we refer to as Homer) was a rhapsode, a person who accompanied his improvised performances with a musical instrument. Epic poetry came to be distinguished by its distinct (epic) meter.Lyric PoetryLyric poetry, developed according to legend, by Terpander, was poetry accompanied by a lyre.EpigramsEpigrams were composed for funerals. It was an epigrammatist, Mimnermus of Smyrna, who is credited with developing the elegiac meter that was used for love poetry (elegies). Prose HistoryHistory, as developed by Herodotus, was a (prose) story about whatever Herodotus set his inquiring mind to.Ancient Historians TimelineSatireIn ancient Rome, satire was a recognized and somewhat defined literary verse genre. It was the only genre the Romans claimed as their own invention. Some early novels fell within the genre of (Menippean) satire.Epistle (main Roman writers)Epistles are linked with Satire, as in the work of Horace, but some epistle writers used the letter for for actual correspondence, so the style is quite varied. Here you will find some resources on this site related to Classical writers and the genres of Classical literature, specifically, timelines of the major Greek and Roman authors, articles about the writers and their genres that are on this site, and links to some of their writing, mostly in English. Timelines Latin WritersEarly Greek PoetsAncient Historians Women Writers Enheduanna (An Akkadian) | Korinna | Moero | Nossis | Sappho | Sulpicia Greek and Roman Writers of Drama - Comedy and Tragedy Aristophanes | Aeschylus | Euripides | Plautus | Seneca | Sophocles | Terence Roman Satire Verse Satire: Ennius | Horace | Juvenal | Persius | Petronius Satire Timeline | Atellan Farce | Fescennine Verse | Menippean Satire Classical Greek and Roman Writers ...and some of their works  mostly translated into English Greek Classical Writers A Aeschylus | Aeschylus Plays in English | Aeschylus ResourcesAesop Biography | Fables of AesopAlcaeusAnacreonAnyteArchilochusAristophanes | About the Individual Plays of Aristophanes | Aristophanes Plays in EnglishAristotle | Aristotle Texts in English B Bacchylides D Demosthenes | Demosthenes in EnglishDio (Cassius Dio) E Euripides | Euripides in English H HecataeusHerodotus | Herodotus in EnglishHesiod | Hesiod in EnglishHippocrates | Hippocrates in EnglishHomer | Homer in English I Isocrates in English K Korinna L Lysias | Lysias in English M Moero N Nossis P PindarPlato | Plato in EnglishPresocratic PhilosophersPlutarch | Plutarch in English S SapphoSemonides of AmorgasSophocles | Tragedies of Sophocles in EnglishStrabo in English T TerpanderThalesTheognisTheophrastusThucydides | Thucydides in English translation Xenophon | Xenophon in English Z Roman Classical Writers (Latin) Also see: A History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius, by Charles Thomas Cruttwell (1877) A Abelard - Text in LatinAlcuin Texts in LatinAmmianus Marcellinus Texts in LatinApuleius | Apuleius in EnglishAurelius, Marcus | Texts in EnglishAurelius Victor Texts in Latin B Bede English translation of LatinBoethius - Text in Latin and Translation into English C Caesar Civil and Gallic Wars in EnglishCassiodorus - Text in EnglishCato | Cato in EnglishCatullus​Cicero | Cicero texts in LatinClaudian in Latin D Donatus E Ennius | Ennius in LatinEpictetus | Epictetus in English H Horace | Horace in English J Julian | Julian in EnglishJuvenal L Livius Andronicus | LivyLucan | Lucan in English M Martial N Naevius O Ovid P Pacuvius | PersiusPetronius | Petronius in EnglishPlautusPliny the Elder | Pliny in EnglishPliny the Younger | Pliny in EnglishPropertius Q Quintilian S SallustSenecaStatiusSulpicia T Tacitus | Tacitus in EnglishTertullianTibullus V VarroVelleius PaterculusVergil (Virgil) | Vergil in English See: Online Texts in English Translation(Index of Authors and Translated E-texts)

International Business Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

International Business Law - Assignment Example In a contractual relationship, both parties can create their rights and obligations. In other words, either party can discuss the tasks to be completed, the services or products to be provided, and the consideration that would be exchanged. Hence, a contract is a mean of structuring relationships. As there needs to be a consideration present in a contract, and not much elaboration is present on the value of the consideration, there are a lot of flexibilities in the manner in which contracts are developed (Smithies, 2007). Contracts can hence help structure commercial relationships, as in many commercial transactions the several characteristics are noted:- The payment mechanism would vary and be subjected to negotiations between both the parties The deal needs to be explained and contracts can help to explain this The legal enforcement provisions would vary – for example for land purchases the statutes applicable would vary from what applies for employment agreement The applica ble law in case of disputes Contracts tries to keep several parts as informal as possible, as for daily functioning, it would be difficult to have a contract that is formal and speaks in terms of strong legal language. The applicability of contract can be used for almost any kind of transactions, provided the same is for a legal motive, the parties are capable of entering into a contract, and thirdly that there is some kind of consideration involved. Damages and remedies can be prescribed and per the appropriately of the transaction and also the intentions of both the parties. The laws applicable and the primary court of jurisdiction can be inscribed as per the convenience of both the parties Dealings in contracts of the commercial nature require communication of a daily basis. Using modern technology, contractual documents and official business related testimonials can be sent across through email. A contractual agreement would respect the validity of such documents, as contracts a lso consider electronic documents of a legal nature For the convenience of commercial transactions, contracts can also be in an electronic form and would be legally valid with digital-signatures of both the parties A contractual agreement can bind a company for taking up a business transaction The intention of a contract agreement is not to create a legal relationship. Many of the commercial contracts try to ensure that legal terminologies are kept out as much as possible. A contract should not create a legal relationship, but the enforcement of the contract is such that it should be capable of legal enforcement in case one party is unable to keep up with the promises meant for the other party. In case one party defaults, the other party can look for enforceability of their rights through legal mechanisms in order to ensure smooth conductance of business. Besides, when consumers buy goods or use services, in order to ensure that the quality of goods or services is maintained, the sa me guarantee can be provided through a contractual agreement. A breach of contract would arise when the terms and conditions of the contract are not met by one party. For contractual disputes to be settled common law, statutory law, constitutional mechanisms, international trade agreements or conventions, consumer law, etc,

Using Via E-commerce to Increase Success for Wingate Systems Working Research Paper

Using Via E-commerce to Increase Success for Wingate Systems Working - Research Paper Example For traditional relationship marketing to work as it should in any organization, all other business parameters also need to be in place. Recently, this has been identified in a forward-looking model as a "holistic, dynamic and dialectical" model. (Chang, 2004) Not surprisingly, this model was developed in an Asian developing economy context. The author noted that local firms in developing countries need to be creative in developing e-business strategies because they are operating in under-developed e-business environments. It that is true for relationship marketing success in developing countries, it should, therefore, be even more valuable to mature organizations operating in mature business environments. Despite the dot-com failures of the recent past, few would doubt that e-business is a main driver of the new and future economy globally. It is also safe to assume that relationship marketing began its development when bricks-and-mortar businesses were able to operate without a substantial Internet presence. Then, it was 'relationship' marketing, and depended on such things as 'personal bankers,' and 'personal shoppers,' and arguably, within each organization that had added the relationship marketing function, it was viewed as a 'must have' but with little relative impact on the bottom line. However, three things entered the business arena that made it paramount for relationship marketing to become both continuous (CRM) and integrated into the business structures. Those three things were the development of digital technologies, the importance of intellectual property, and "customer supremacy," defined as customization of product/service and reduced cycle time. (Chang, 2004)

Sales Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sales Presentation - Essay Example The Baderman Island Resort aims at providing maximum facilities to its valued customers. Therefore, for the convenience of guests, to save them from any communication issues, Interpreter will be available in the Main hotel. To save the precious time of guests, the main Hotel will provide an increased number of staff on the front desk to make checking in and out quick for the guests. The main hotel has an exotic food and beverages department which will cater the guests with their wonderful dishes. The hotel has many different cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s and dining halls available for the convenience of guests. The main hotel is meant for families therefore it stresses on the availability of proper recreational facilities designed especially for families and children. Facilities like Baderman Island oasis spa, golf pro shop and Baderman Island Gift Boutique will be available for families. Kids can enjoy visiting the museum and the botanical gardens. Scuba diving and guided nature trips are yet another attraction for the families. Keeping in view the safety of guests, the hotel will hire extra staff trained in scuba diving and water skiing so that safety of children and other guests is ensured. First aid is also available in case of any unpleasant accident. The 400 participants who will not be accompanied with their spouses or families will be accommodated in the Meloncon Hotel. The Meloncon Hotel is meant to cater business travelers. It provides many facilities for business events such as this convention. Interpretation facility is available here. The Melancon Hotel will also honor the conference discounted rates. The hotel will increase its staff at the front desk to accommodate the guest’s convention check in and checkout needs to save the guest’s valueable time. The Melancon hotel is directly connected to the convention center so the guests will not have to cover long distance to reach the convention center.

Analysis of Strategic management and the position of Dialog Axiata PLC Research Paper

Analysis of Strategic management and the position of Dialog Axiata PLC - Sri Lanka - Research Paper Example Moreover the recruiting team of the company is always in the hunt for a pool of talented human resources that would help the company in setting new benchmarks (Dialog, 2011). The company reflects a huge financial growth during the first quarter of the 2011 period compared to that of the 2010 period which showed a huge growth by around 64 percent. Further in regards to the market for mobile phones and other telecommunication services the company reflects a growth by around 10 percent in a comparison drawn between the first quarter of the 2011 and 2010 period. However in close connection to the above facts the operating costs of the company along with other domestic and international installation charges grew in the first quarter of the 2011 period in sharp contrast to the 2010 period. (Dialog-a, 2011). Thus the paper in this connection focuses to understand the strategic moves taken by the company in restoring its competitive position while tending to reduce the current operational co st. Critical Analysis of the Strategic Position of Dialog Axiata PLC In the process of critically analyzing the strategic position of the business organization firstly the parameters upon which the company becomes able to sustain its leadership in the market is analyzed. The company must have a definite mission based on which it sets the strategies to successfully satisfy the same. Further the company must set some definite goals and objectives which must be adequately based on the mission statement of the company. Strategic business units of the company must be identified that would help in meeting the stated objectives. Moreover the hierarchal or the organizational structure of the concern must be evaluated in terms of the division of the total responsibility among employees thereby enhancing on the accountability parameters. Finally the company management is also required to set adequate monitoring systems to rightly monitor the activities taken to pursue the stated goals and the reby to set effective remedies to help reduce such gaps (Schein, 2010, p.74). In regards to the above discussion the vision, mission and value structure of the company would be analyzed. The company shares the organizational vision of being the leader in the Sri Lankan communication market through the innovation rendered in the field of communication technology. This strategy focused by the company would help in enriching the social image of the concern. Working on the above vision the company thereby focuses to set the organizational mission of helping to render potential activities in the sphere of sustaining better relationships with the customers. Further the company also desires its business processes to be highly flexible in meeting the changing demands of the market. This sets the organizational culture of the company which increases the parameters of accountability both in the internal and external sphere and also encourages the growth of team activities in the concern (Dial og-b, 2011). The above strategic analysis of the company

An Analysis of Such a Long Journey by Rohinton Mistry

An Analysis of Such a Long Journey by Rohinton Mistry AN EXPLORATION OF SOCIO- POLITICAL CONCERNS IN ROHINTON MISTRYS SUCH A LONG JOURNEY Abstract Social, political, and historical event continue to be a significant theme adopted by various writers throughout the world to reveal the situations that occurred in the past and continue till date. Contemporary Indian writers use these themes to reflect the impact of events and its effect on the ordinary people. They mainly focus on socio-political issues like war, violence, displaced communities, and marginalization. Rohinton Mistry is one among these writers whose works reflect the contemporary social and political life of the parsi community. Nostalgia, alienation, diaspora, politics and marginalization form the basic tenet of Rohinton Mistrys novels. Such a Long Journey is one of the important works by Mistry which explore the various aspects of India like culture, community, administration, society, life, and faith of the Parsi community. Mistry, re-portrays the historical backdrop of this group and nation as it has been in the post-independence period. This paper attempts to an alyze the experience, anguish, and the nostalgic feeling of the Parsi community in India even after the independence. Keywords: Nostalgia, diaspora, alienation and politics Introduction Parsis are the small group of people described as an ethno-religious minority who are the faithful followers of Zoroastrianism. These minority people are separated from Iran to avoid forced conversion into Islam community. Finally, they came to India and got settled and practiced their faith. India is like a heaven for them but they are subjected to marginalization. Parsis writing illustrates the life and experiences of the past and present-dayParsis in India. Being the minority community, the Parsis feel insecured, alienated, nostalgic and feel threatened by the dominant Hindu culture. These are also major themes in Parsis literature. According to N.S Dharan, post-independent Parsi writing in English is ethnocentric, culture-specific and community oriented (7).Many writers are inclined to write about the contemporary political condition of the nation and their community especially about the Parsi community who merely struggles under the governments hegemony. Bapsi Sidhwa, Firdaus Kanga, Boman Desai are well-known Parsi writers whose works reflect the contemporary socio-political issues faced by the Parsi community. Rohinton Mistry is one among these writers. He is of Indian origin and belongs to Parsi community. Mistry developed as a significant and notable literary figure during the contemporary periods. He was an Indo-Canadian novelist and short story writer. He was born in 1952 in Bombay and immigrated to Canada in 1975. He studied English and Philosophy as a part-time scholar at the University of Toronto. His notable fictional works are Such a Long Journey (1991), A Fine Balance (1995), and Family Matter (2002) and non-fictions are Tales from Firozsha Baag (1987), Searching for Stevenson (1994), and The scream (2006). His works are intact with the major themes like religion, community, politics, human relationship, diaspora, alienation, nostalgia, and homelessness. Such a Long Journey His first novel, Such a Long Journey portrays the common lifestyle and anxieties of the Parsi community during post-Independent India, it also explores the social, political, and cultural chaos during the early sixties and seventies. The title of the novel, Such a Long Journey has been taken from the poem The Journey of the magi by T.S. Eliot. A cold coming we had of it, Just the worst time of the year For a journey, and such a long journey. (qtd in Mistry i) Eliots poem is extremely emblematic. The journey of the three wise man who wants to visit the birthplace of Jesus Christ undertakes a hazardous journey and overcome many problems and difficulties in life. Similarly, this novel is also symbolic representing the long journey of the Gustard Noble who overcomes many ups and downs in his life. The novel is set in Bombay against the milieu of the Indo-Pakistan war in 1971 which gave raise to new independent country, Bangladesh. It also deals with the major political issues like corruption, domination, and unlawful government. The novel has won many awards like Governor Generals Award, the commonwealth writers prize for the best manuscript and has also shortlisted for the Prestigious Booker Prize. Such a Long Journey is one of the remarkable and best works by Rohinton Mistry which portrays the realistic conditions and political history of the Indian society especially the life of the Parsi community before and after independence. Mistry has well studied the history, social and political condition of India during his stay in Bombay and has adapted it in the novel, which is interesting and traditionally significant. Jasbir Jain says that, Rohinton Mistrys work raises a whole lot of other questions specifically related to the homeland and political memory. Neither nostalgia nor memory in itself can account for this rootedness and preoccupation with the homeland and the environment boundaries of the city of birth. (qtd in Dhodiya 42) Such a Long Journey is an imaginative story which explores the life and anguish of the middle-class Parsi people. Amrijit Singh says, Such a Long Journey is the story of Gustad Noble, the little man who holds on to his dignity, strength, and humanity in a sweltering tide of disappointment, confusion, betrayal and corruption (214). The author describes the pitiable circumstances and the melancholic story of Gustad Noble, who is the protagonist of the novel. He belongs to the middle-class Parsi community, who worked as a clerk in a bank. Being a clerk, he has to face many problems in life. He was a dedicated family man, works very hard to uphold his familys financial situation. Noble was a father of three children, elder son Sohrab, youngest son Darius and Roshan, his daughter. He lived in the Khodadad building with his family where most of the Parsis reside. Major Jimmy Bilimoria and Dinshawji are the faithful friends of him who also lived along with the Noble family in the Khodadad b uilding. Parsi communities are shaken by the rise of Shiv Sena in Bombay, the party promises to give job for the middle-class people. The party is against the South Indian immigrants, typically immigrants from Tamil Nadu especially the job seekers. The party Shiv Sena in the novel is despised by the Parsi people as the supporters of the Shiv Sena ill-treated the individuals of the Parsi community as a Parsi crow-eaters. Furthermore offending the communitys funeral cremations, Dinshawji and Gustadare frightened that the Parsis might become second-class citizens in the future. Gustad says, No future for minorities, with all these fascist Shiv Sena politics and Marathi language nonsense. It was going to be like the black people in America-twice as good as the white man to get half as much(SLJ 7). The novel charmingly reveals the certain political conflicts which affected the life of ordinary middle-class people. Dr. Paymaster says, Our beloved country is a patient with disease at an advanced stage. Dressing the wound or sprinkling rose-water over it to hide the smell of decaying tissue is useless. Fine words and promises will not cure the patient. The decaying part must be removed. You see, the municipal corruption is merely the bad smell, which will disappear as soon as the decaying government at the Centre is removed. (SLJ 313) The above quote describes the present political condition of India. Government is the only root cause of all the troubles and problems which occurs in India. Such problematic people should be thrown out of the country. Gustad Nobles hallucinations and ambitions are quite ambiguous. Many uncertain events have taken place in Nobles life. Firstly, his friend Major Jimmy who is a gentleman and also philosopher to him, suddenly disappears from the Khodadad building. Secondly, his son Sohrab refuses to register as a scholar in IIT where he got the admission. Noble has a great hope for his son Sohrabs future and wants to reclaim his familys lost prosperity. But his dreams are spoiled and he loses his hope on him. Moreover, Sohrabs unpleasant behavior during his sisters birthday was unbelievable which shocked Noble and he wanted to know the reason behind his unacceptable behavior. Sohrab replies: Its not suddenly. Im sick and tired of IIT, IIT, IIT all the time. Im not interested in it, Im n ot a jolly good fellow about it, and Im not going there. (SLJ 48) Sohrab discloses his wish to study Arts programme with his friends. Gustadwas unable to control his anger in front of his wife Dilnavaz, who herself was stumped, wants him to be quite. Noble says it is his obligation to look after his sons future. Gustad fears that there is no life and occupation for the minorities in Bombay mainly due to unlawful government. Dinshawji reminds the good old days of the parsis: What fun we used to haveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.parsis were the kings of banking in those days. Such respect we used to get. Now the whole atmosphere only has been spoiled. Ever since that Indira nationalized the banks.(SLJ 38). Noble being an ordinary middle-class man had to face many trials in life. For example, the mysterious parcel which he had received from his friend Major Jimmy, slowly pulled him into a government deception including threats, corruption, and robbery which turns his life into a great tragedy. The mysterious parcel that contained ten lakh rupees invited a lot of trouble which puts him in addition to the existing problem. Moreover, the outside wall of the khodadad building that is considered as the sacred wall and security for his family is demolished by the government as a means of extending the road. These untoward incidents affects Noble so much that he feels frustrated and alienated. The wall is symbolic of the Parsi community. Once it is destroyed, Noble feels that the security of the Parsi community is under threat. Nilufer Bharucha says that the wall both includes and excludes. It is protective as well as reductive. It protects theParsee community from the ingressof the engulfing Indian world. However, it also makes this world isolationist (123). The problems multiplied when Noble found that his friend Major Jimmy Bilimoria was arrested. He is one of his close friends and also like a second father to Nobles children. He utters about his difficulties and Indias political situation during the tenure of Indira Gandhi as the prime minister. Major Jimmy was instructed through the phone by the PM Indira Gandhi to withdraw the sum of 60 lakh rupees from the SBI bank on the emergency basis. Later, police found that it was illegal money and PM refuses to accept that she was directly involved in the money scandal. Major Jimmy was arrested and tortured by the police. He was imprisoned for four years. Finally, he becomes bedridden and died due to heart attack before the period of his imprisonment gets over. This pitiable condition of the Major in the novel is very painful. Mistry beautifully describes the sorrowful situation of the Parsi people through Major Jimmy: On the bed lay nothing more than a shadow. The shadow of the powerfully built army man who once lived in Khodadad building. His hairline had receded, and sunken cheeks made the bones jut sharp and grotesque. The regal handlebar mustache was no more. His eyes had disappeared within their sockets. The neck, what he could see of it, was as scrawny as poor behest Dinshawjis while under the sheet there seemed barely a trace of those strong shoulders and deep chest which Gustard and Dilnavaz used to point out as a good example to their sons, reminding them always to walk erect, with chest out and stomach in, like Major Uncle. (SLJ 267) When Gustard returns from the funeral of Major Jimmy, Dilnavaz asks her son to speak to his father. But Sohrab refuses to speak to his father because he says to his mother about the fathers reaction towards him: its no use. I spoilt all his dreams, he is not interested in me anymore. (SLJ 321).The family is disintegrated due to politics. The distress of the Parsi community is well portrayed in Such a Long Journey. The inhabitants of Khodadad building represents the unity among the Parsi community. Mistry hints that when that wall is destroyed the community collapses. Mani Meitei notices that: though Mistry is highly imbued with an original writers imagination in the development of a flawless story in Such a Long Journey, his awareness of the contemporary social and political situation of India, particularly the period of the 1971 Indo-Pak war, is extremely exciting. As a realist, he wields the weapon of satire, which makes him a ruthless artist, a harsh political satirist and a devout critic of war. (9) Mistry portrays the agony of Parsi community during the reign of Indira Gandhi. The Parsi community stands as a marginalized minority community. Their sense of displacement is perfectly picturized by Mistry thus: Tell me what happens to my life, Rubbed out, just like that? Tell me (SLJ 74). Not only Gustad is affected but also the whole community which lives in the Khodadad building suffers. Gustad tries to bring in unity among the Hindus and the Parsis, but gets deeply hurt when the building collapses. His enthusiasm, thoughts, and desires was destroyed. Firstly, unexpected departure of major Billimoria from the Khodadad building. Secondly, his daughter Roshans illness, thirdly, Sohrabs disloyalty and finally tragic death of his friends makes him to suffer more. In addition to this, the Khodadad building collapses. Mistry stoically says it was becoming too much to bear, Roshans sickness, Jimmys treachery, Dinshawji stupidity, sohrabs betrayal, nothing but worry and sorrow and disapp ointment piling up around him, walling him in, and threatening to crush him. He moved his massaging hand from the forehead to his nape and closed his eyes (SLJ 177). All these incidences falls as a blow on Gustad head. Gustad makes a journey which is full of up and downs. Conclusion The novel clearly explores the socio-political issues which affect the lives of the characters and also the anxieties about their future as minority people. Mistry has effectively intertwined components of Parsi society and religion in his writing. It signifies different classes, professions, caste, and daily lives of the common parsi people in a unique way. He utilize his writing as a weapon against the exploiters and giving the reader information about the political exploitation and its consequence on the common middle-class people. In one of the interviews conducted by Ali Lakhani, Mistry says that a new country is revealed with its wonders, life isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..a journey without destination. Sort of like a wall that goes on and on with pictures (1-2).Such a Long Journey thus beautifully reveals the huge picture of the Parsi community in India. Works Cited Bharucha, Nilufer.Rohinton Mistry: Ethnic Enclosures and Transcultural Spaces, Jaipur and New Delhi: Rawat Publications, 2003. Dharan, N.S. Ethnic Atrophy Syndrome in Rohinton Mistrys Fiction. Parsi Fiction Vol 2. ed. by Kapadia, Novy. New Delhi. 2004. Dodiya, Jaydipsinh. Perspectives on the Novels of Rohinton Mistry, New Delhi: Sarup Sons, 2006. Print. Meitei, Mani M.-Such A Long Journey and its Critical Acclaim The Fiction of Rohinton Mistry: Critical Studies, ed. Jaydipsinh Dodiya. New Delhi: Sarup and Sons, 2005. Mistry, Rohinton. Such a Long Journey. New York: Faber and Faber Ltd, 1991. Print. Singh, Amrijit. Rohinton Mistry(1952- ). Writers of Indian Diaspora,A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Source. ed. Nelson Emmanuel. Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1993. Lakhani, Ali The Long Journey of Rohinton Mistry. Interview at the Vancouver International Writers Festival. Canadian Fiction Magazine. 1989.www.rungh.org/issues/Rungh_v2_n1-2.pdf.

Iowa- An American Portrait :: essays research papers

â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The film â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait† was narrated by Tom Brokaw. It described the land, people, education, work, religion, and family life of Iowa. One of the main topics of the film was the general view of Iowa- the Farm State. Iowa has more than two- hundred- thousand farms; ninety- eight percent of Iowa’s total land is used for production; with ninety percent of total land being used for the production of food. Reverence for the great land and rich soil of Iowa began with the Native Americans. Many years later, European immigrants settled the land of Iowa. They first settled near the Mississippi River and spread through out Iowa in the short time span of forty years. They soon began farming the land and found that one family could make a good living on eighty acres. Work was a necessity to Iowans. It gave meaning and pride to life, and farming was a business that could be passed on from generation to generation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Corn soon became the crop of choice to Iowa farmers. They found that it was more resistant to disease than the other crops they were growing, such as barley, oats, wheat, and apples. With this newfound â€Å"wonder crop†, Iowans found that farming had become the ideal way of life. Working on the farm involved all of the members of the family, which brought them together and made them stronger through hardships and great opportunities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Draft horses used for plowing later became a luxury and farming soon lost its fun and joyful qualities. It was a time of greater hardship than ever before, but the freedom Iowa farmers had to work, worship, live, and play in their own way made it worth the despairing times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Towns of all sizes began growing throughout Iowa. With them came churches, schools, businesses, and co-ops. The various institutions and businesses of the towns were flourishing. The children of Iowa were attending school regularly and doing well. The literacy rate of Iowa soon became the highest in the nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Farms weren’t the only means of earning a living in Iowa. Saw and lumber mills were abundant along the upper Mississippi River, but the lumber supply being harvested was exhausted quickly, putting the mills out of business. Iowa- An American Portrait :: essays research papers â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The film â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait† was narrated by Tom Brokaw. It described the land, people, education, work, religion, and family life of Iowa. One of the main topics of the film was the general view of Iowa- the Farm State. Iowa has more than two- hundred- thousand farms; ninety- eight percent of Iowa’s total land is used for production; with ninety percent of total land being used for the production of food. Reverence for the great land and rich soil of Iowa began with the Native Americans. Many years later, European immigrants settled the land of Iowa. They first settled near the Mississippi River and spread through out Iowa in the short time span of forty years. They soon began farming the land and found that one family could make a good living on eighty acres. Work was a necessity to Iowans. It gave meaning and pride to life, and farming was a business that could be passed on from generation to generation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Corn soon became the crop of choice to Iowa farmers. They found that it was more resistant to disease than the other crops they were growing, such as barley, oats, wheat, and apples. With this newfound â€Å"wonder crop†, Iowans found that farming had become the ideal way of life. Working on the farm involved all of the members of the family, which brought them together and made them stronger through hardships and great opportunities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Draft horses used for plowing later became a luxury and farming soon lost its fun and joyful qualities. It was a time of greater hardship than ever before, but the freedom Iowa farmers had to work, worship, live, and play in their own way made it worth the despairing times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Towns of all sizes began growing throughout Iowa. With them came churches, schools, businesses, and co-ops. The various institutions and businesses of the towns were flourishing. The children of Iowa were attending school regularly and doing well. The literacy rate of Iowa soon became the highest in the nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Farms weren’t the only means of earning a living in Iowa. Saw and lumber mills were abundant along the upper Mississippi River, but the lumber supply being harvested was exhausted quickly, putting the mills out of business.

Small Economic Activity in Rural Area

Background of the studyEconomic activity refers to the consumption of goods and services and activities in which money is exchanged for product or services (Hendricks, 2017). It was performed for the purpose of making money, gaining wealth, creating and producing items that can be offered to the public for sale. Pavlov (2000) also argued that economic activity defined as any activity consisting in offering goods and services on a given market. The outcome of economic activities is measured monetarily (Hendricks, 2017). According to Fisher (1933), economic activities classified into three main sectors which are primary sector (consisting of agriculture), secondary sector (formed by industry) and lastly is the tertiary sector which are incorporating all other activities that did not fit in the first two sectors. Cari data statistic economi Malaysia?In business scope?There are several types of economic activities including business, professions and employment. Restaurants, large retailers and even small businesses engage in economic activities every day. Business is one of the economic activity. Whether it is a formal business, an entrepreneurial venture or a small lemonade stand in the front of yard, the economic activity of business is any activity where goods and services are exchanged for the earning of money. High cost living?Rural area refers to nonmetropolitan areas (United States Department of Agriculture, 2003). According to Office of Management and Budget United States (2013), nonmetropolitan areas are outside the boundaries of metropolitan areas and have no cities with 50,000 residents or more. Department of Statistic Malaysia (2010) stated that Lawas, Sarawak only had the total population of 38,385 in 2010. It can be categorized as the rural area because the total population less than 50,000 populations. In the next 10 years, the total of population in Lawas, Sarawak expected will be increase in 2020 (Population and Housing Census of Malaysia, 2010). According to Malaysia Labour Force Survey Report (2002:17), rural area defined as all the gazetted areas consisting of less than 10,000 people and all of the areas that are not gazetted. It also argued by the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development which simply defined rural as an area with population of less than 10,000 people. In 2002, out of nine main economic activities in rural areas, agriculture-related activities including hunting, forestry and fishing contributed 38.5% of the employment as compared to 18.2% in manufacturing and 9.8% in wholesale and retail trade (Malaysia – Labour Force Survey Report, 2002). Problem statementBusiness growths in Lawas town lead to raise the economic development in rural area. However, there are some issues that are often said. The local authority gives less attention to small-scaled business especially retailing business. This has been a challenge to small business owners to develop their businesses because of competition from large-scale business. Additionally, the lack of special sites for traders, particularly in stall business and renting business, has resulted in irregularities. It causes the huge problems for the urban environment such as creating a less attractive, hygiene problems and congestion, especially in Lawas town. These problems occur due to the weakness of local authorities in implementing the regulatory, guidelines planning, standards of planning, control activities, employee attitude and lack of financial. The local authorities mostly give attention to the issues of getting the appropriate site, the size of the building site, the provision of the perfect garbage disposal facility, the absence of special units or sections to implement the rules thoroughly in the context of actual planning. Informal businesses operating not only in town areas but also occurred in the village area. There are several issues that viewed from the informal sector businesses such as stalls and hawkers. It found that several stalls and hawkers had physically dilapidated conditions, built in unsafe business area and the absence of adequate public facilities have affected the unpleasant scenery. Several stalls or hawkers were too close to the road reserve. The selection of a location informal business has to take seriously. It is because, informal sector mostly happen found on parking lot area, roadside and in sidewalk of the stores. To improve this situation, the Lawas District Council will take enforcement action such as seizing business equipment, revoke licenses or impose fines. Occasionally, the Lawas District Council also handed over enforcement notice to close business or relocate stalls and hawker centers temporarily in a more organized and secure area.Research questionsResearch objectives The purpose of this study is aimed to analyst and evaluates the problems and growth of small-scale business in Lawas. Thus, consideration should be given to this aspect when discussing and evaluating the challenges of development. The objectives of the study are as follow:To identify the need of small-scale business in an economyTo determine the various problems faced by the local communities in the study areas from the perspective of the small-scale businessTo suggest more appropriate and effective ways to overcome this problem.The findings of this study will help the policy makers in identifying problems relating to the institutional arrangements of rural development agencies. Consequently, it will help in introducing more effective institutional arrangements in delivering or implementing rural development programmes in order to tackle rural development problems.Significance of studyThere are three factors that have driven the researcher to engage in the research. Firstly, there is a need for balance in development between rural and urban areas. Secondly, rural development is particularly important for the political stability of a nation, and thirdly, rural communities that typically form the majority of population in most developing countries are mostly poor. Therefore, rural development is part and parcel of the nation's development. It cannot be sidelined even though it possesses diverse and complex problems.

A Rose for Emily: Homer Is The Victim Essay

In William Faulkner’s well-known short story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, the townspeople of a rural Mississippi town share their thoughts and views of the late 19th century upper class through tales of the lonely Miss Emily Grierson. Miss Emily is a fallen symbol of wealth and prestige who has become a recluse within her own home after the death of her father. Due to her peculiar ways, the citizens living in her hometown develop a curiosity regarding her life. Through the citizens, Faulkner shows Miss Emily cannot adhere to society’s expectations. A house reveals a person’s life without exactly knowing their past or background. To an extent, the appearance of a person’s house forms how neighbors view each other, especially someone as reluctant to visitors as Miss Emily. Because the townspeople do not know much about their inquisitive neighbor, they judge her based on her disheveled home. Describing it as â€Å"an eyesore among eyesores,† their disapproval of the Grierson estate â€Å"that had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select street† was a concern among the townspeople (Faulkner). Her neighbors viewed the house as a run down building that caused embarrassment to the town. Miss Emily’s lack of landscaping for her property made her an outcast among the townspeople. Other complaints were filed due to Miss Emily’s house reeking of a pungent smell. The town was so annoyed with the vile scent they decided to douse the outskirts of her home with lime. This showed the occupants of the town were disapproving of her lifestyle, like an American would be annoyed with the hygienic habits of a French citizen, whose culture differs from the United States. In society, there is a certain standard people must meet to be respected by others. One significant standard is staying up to date with their tax payments. According to Miss Emily, she did not have to adhere to tax notices like the rest of the town because her father loaned money to the town decades ago, which still equates to her remittal of taxes. However this changed, â€Å"When the next generation, with i ts more modern ideas, became mayors and alderman, this arrangement created some little dissatisfaction† (Faulkner). They began to mail her tax notices with many going unattended too. Eventually, they surrender to Miss Emily’s stubbornness. If it had been any other citizen in town, there would be repercussions to one omitting their taxes and not being a servile citizen. However, Miss Emily is able to get away with this because she is difficult to deal with and will not conform to the towns wishes. The town believes she has an unstable mind and makes exceptions due to her diverse behaviors. Because of Miss Emily’s resistance to her civil duty, the townspeople were disappointed in Miss Emily and wondered why she was so obstinate. They disapprove of her actions, but reluctantly give in to her wishes because there is no way to reason with Miss Emily. Another way Miss Emily did not act as the others was her denial of her father’s death. It took Miss Emily three days to adjust to her father’s passing and truly acknowledge her father was deceased. Although it is customary for people to grieve, the exceeded amount of time Miss Emily clung to her dead father bemused the townspeople. When they visited to offer their condolences, Miss Emily did not act like an average person. They were uncomfortable because Miss Emily held onto her father’s cadaver and did not bury it like typical people do. Because of Miss. Emily’s extended amount of time with her father’s deceased body, she was not accepted among the townspeople. It created an enigma in their mind and they did not give plaudits of her actions. Due to this, Miss Emily bewildered the townspeople which created friction between them. Since the townspeople could not pinpoint Miss Emily’s personality, they believed she was an unusual person who could not represent the rest of society well, due to the fact she was dissimilar to their clichà © ways. Because Miss Emily was â€Å"a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town,† the townspeople had an obvious expectation of Miss Emily (Faulkner). This did not seem to have an effect on Miss Emily because she showed no desire to conform. Miss Emily knew she was not popular among the townspeople; however, it did not concern her. Unfortunately, Miss Emily did not meet them through her unkempt house, disregard for taxes and peculiar way of grieving. Miss Emily was perceived as an odd character; she was not accepted among the townspeople for her individual way of handling situations and viewing life, mainly due to the fact they differ from society’s.

US Superpower essays

US Superpower essays Is the United States still a superpower? A superpower is a power that is superior or very great. Yes, the United States is still a superpower under that definition. So many countries depend on the United States for their protection, say, and goods. Without the United States the world would have to depend on countries like China, England, and France that go through a lot of political disruption. Many countries will not go into war unless they have the backing of the United States, because they know that if they do go into war and the United States is not on their side that they might end up fighting the United States in the war and lose terribly. The United States has the strongest military and a lot of technology that is very useful to the rest of the world. The United States is the key to the worlds economy. The United States does not need to import goods from other countries because if it was necessary the United States could just depend on what is in the country. Such as the oil situation, we could drill in Alaska instead getting our oil from the Middle East. We import so many goods that we dish out a lot of money that helps support other countries. Dealing with the money situation, the United States tries to help undeveloped countries buy loaning them money or sometimes just giving them money to get them on their feet. We put out so much money to other parts of the world that if we did not they would just collapse. In conclusion, the United States is still a superpower because the world needs us to be. If we werent a superpower, the rest of the world would just be chaos. ...

Discrimination Broken Down essays

Discrimination Broken Down essays Why should a company have to lower its standards of hiring the best people? Why should a university not try to recruit the top students in the country? They shouldn ¡Ã‚ ¯t have too. However, Fred L. Pincus, an associate professor of sociology at the University of Maryland Baltimore County, would like them to change their standards in order to avoid the appearance of discrimination. In his article entitled, From Individualism to Structural Discrimination, published in Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing, Pincus breaks discrimination into three specific types. He succeeds in explaining the more common types of discrimination, but his explanation of  ¡Ã‚ °structural discrimination ¡ is not as effective and causes him to lose credibility in his argument that all three types of discrimination must be confronted if  ¡Ã‚ °racial equality is to be achieved ¡ (592). From the start of Pincus ¡Ã‚ ¯s article, he is conveying his biased opinion. He states,  ¡Ã‚ °Prejudice ¡ does not necessarily lead to discrimination ¡ and discrimination is not always caused by prejudice ¡ (586). Pincus ¡Ã‚ ¯s explanation of what discrimination is sounds like a contradiction. Everyone knows that the roots of discrimination can be found in people ¡Ã‚ ¯s prejudices. Discrimination is always caused by prejudice. Pincus uses his position as a professor of sociology to convince the reader that his opinion should be taken as fact. He references the book Black Power, written by Stokley Carmichael and Charles Hamilton. In this  ¡Ã‚ °influential book ¡ (587) the authors do differentiate discrimination into two types, individual and institutional. Pincus, however, decides to explain not two, but three types of discrimination. He calls the last type of discrimination  ¡Ã‚ °Structural discrimination. ¡ Nobody could possibly argue with Pincus about his first type of discrimination and his classification of it. It...

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Braunau am Inn, Austria. His parents were Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl. Adolf was the fourth child out of six. Three years after he was born, the family relocated from Austria to Germany. Typically, Adolf Hitler and his father did not agree; the fine arts fascinated Adolf, but his father disapproved of it. Adolf Hitler was profoundly affected by the death of his younger brother, Edmund. Adolf Hitler also displayed a curiosity in German nationalism at a young age. His mother permitted him to quit school two years following his father’s death in 1903. After he abandoned school, he moved to Vienna. Adolf was an aspiring watercolor painter in Vienna. He applied two times to the Academy of Fine Arts and was rejected both times. Hitler served in the German military during World War I. Although Adolf was an Austrian citizen, he was still authorized to serve in the German army. He received the Iron Cross First Class and the Blac k Wound Badge after World War I. Adolf Hitler did not take likeness to the fact that the Germans had capitulated in 1918 during the First World War. Adolf Hitler began to adopt various anti-Semitic, nationalist, and anti-Marxist ideas whilst being an associate of the German Worker’s Party. While being involved with the German Worker’s Party, Adolf Hitler created the notorious swastika. Adolf Hitler started to compose speeches opposed to the Treaty of Versailles, Jews, and additional groups. An abundant amount of the history of Germany is revolved around Hitler and the Nazi Party, but it is not the respectable kind of history. The Nazi Party was primarily designated as the â€Å"German Workers’ Party† which was established via Anton Drexter and Karl Harrer. The party was to support nationalism in Germany; they additionally believed the Treaty of Versailles was a liability to Germany. The war could have been resolved without the treaty, but the party was not on the radar of anyone until Hitler joined it. He was an extremely charismatic man, and he brought numerous new members in with his speeches. The Jews were the reason the war was lost, or at least this is what Hitler said. Since the Jews were only an insignificant part of the population, this gained him several supporters. Quickly the party was renamed the â€Å"Nationalist Socialist German Workers’ Party†. This name is frequently abbreviated to the Nazi Party. As time went by, Hitler got m ore admired and more popular, and as he got recognized, so did the Nazi Party. The country was in a fragile state and needed a dependable leader like they assumed Hitler was, and he acquired leadership of the Nazi party in July of 1921. This party was everything Hitler needed to grab the publics’ attention, and he began ascending the political ladder very quickly. The Nazi Party tried to achieve power of Germany resulting in Hitler getting five years in prison; this is where he composed his autobiography. In elections for leadership over Germany, the Nazi Party didn’t do extremely well, and their greatest percent of the ballots was 37.3%. The reason that the Nazis had considerably supplementary dominance was because of their muscle power, but they didn’t have as many supporters as certain other parties might have had. Instead of coming to power by the right technique, they forced their way to the top. Hitler had constantly been a little different, but nobody would have ever supposed it would lead to what transpires in the conclusion. When Hitler and the Nazi party gained power over Germany on January 30th, 1933, they didn’t have complete control, but he would obtain it by March. The speed at which he gained control over the entire country was impractical. Hitler’s military training assisted him a lot in the campaigning process, and his communication with the public won over much of the population. His conventions for his campaign were more like military processions than anything else because they were prearranged, coordinated, and proficient. When he communicated to the citizens, he spoke with passion and authority in every sentence. One of the main significant part of his party was the SA; also identified as the Stormtroopers. They were an assembly of men, usually discharged from the military, that functioned to protect Hitler. Instead of doing just this, they seemed to disrupt many of the other parties’ gatherings, but there was nothing the other parties could do about it. They were being a ttacked by Hitler and the Stormtroopers, but they were far stronger than additional parties. For instance, Hitler was sent to prison for his part in a mob occurrence on additional political subject in September of 1921. Germany, being in such a weak state, needed a strong, dependable leader, and they understood was Hitler. The Stormtroopers were just a single fragment of Hitler’s party that disrupted the harmony, but it was probably the ultimate one. The SA were comparable to a gang of individuals that terrorized additional political parties and inhabitants. They started out as predominantly veterans, but quickly there were more and more ferocious thugs in the assortment with them. Hitler was trying to accomplish being chancellor by intimidating several of the other parties, and I suppose it operated somewhat. The single reason Hitler gained control over the country was because of the Jews, and without them, he would have never been chancellor. After the war, the people of Germany desired somebody to blame for the devastation of their country. Instead of accusing themselves, they listened to Hitler and blamed the Jews, but in honesty, the Jews had nothing to do with it. They were the minority of the population, and they received the blame. When the Nazis came to power, the Holocaust started along with the downfall and the introduction to the most fatal battle in human history. The word Holocaust originally meant sacrificial offers burned on an altar, but since 1945, the term has taken on a horrific new meaning. The Holocaust entailed the genocide of 6 million Jews and other minority groups by the German Nazis throughout the Second World War. The Nazi ruler Adolf Hitler saw Jews as racially inferior and a threat to the German purity, although his reasoning and roots of his ideas are unclear. One of the leading causes of World War II is the Holocaust. After centuries of anti-Judaism which led to anti-Semitism, the Holocaust officially started when Adolf Hitler came to power as chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933. The first of the concentration camps opened in Dachau in March 1933. Within four months, an estimated 27,000 people were held in custody in the camps. Many concentrations camps were built and followed therefore after, with a total of 20,000 German camps established. By this time, Jews comprised one percent of the overall German population. Throughout the following six years, the Nazis began controlling and rejecting non-Aryans from civil service, disbanding Jewish owned businesses and organizations. A set of rules called the Nuremberg Laws of 1935, established Jews and German blood and forbade marriage between the two. The Jews then became targets and objectives for persecution. This climaxed in Kristallnacht in November 1938, where Jewish buildings were ransacked and demolished. After Germany invaded Poland in 1939, ghettos were established in numerous Polish cities. The ghettos integrated the Jews and effectively imprisoned them. The living circumstances in the restricted ghettos were atrocious, and illness, hunger and congestion killed the majority. The Germans expelled Jews from all over Europe to these ghettos. Meanwhile, opening in the autumn of 1939, Nazi officials chose approximately 70,000 Germans institutionalized with mental illness or debilities to be gassed to death in the Euthanasia Program. After important German spiritual leaders protested, Hitler ended the program in August 1941. Killings of the disabled persisted in secrecy, and by only four years around 275,000 people deemed handicapped had been exterminated. In retrospection, the Euthanasia Program operated as a pilot for the Holocaust. Beginning in 1941, all Jews in German territory were distinguished with a yellow star badge. As more Jews were deported to camps, experimentations with mass destruction had been continuing at the concentration camp of Auschwitz, near Krakow. The first of the mass gassings began near Lublin at the camp of Belzec. Gassing processes by vans and chambers became popular after the Einsatzgruppe members made complaints of agony after shooting large numbers of women and children, plus it was cheaper. These mobile killings entities, Einsatzgruppen, gassed mostly Jews, Roma, and the mentally ill. Zyklon B is infamous for its use in the gas chambers at Auschwitz and other camps. At Auschwitz only, more than 2 million people were slaughtered, and as many as 12,000 Jews were killed daily. The majority of the world was affected by World War II, especially the West. The war began September 1, 1939, and the concluding date from World War II was September 2, 1945. During these years an overwhelming multitude of actions happened in the West. Throughout the duration of the war, the world was divided between the axis powers, which were Germany, Italy, and Japan. Many nations fought against the axis power such as, Lebanon, San Marino, Belgium, Egypt, Liberia, Saudi Arabia, Bolivia, El Salvador, Luxembourg, South Africa, Brazil, Ethiopia, Mexico, Soviet Union, Canada, France, Mongolian People\’s Republic, Syria, Chile, Great Britain, and the Netherlands. Whilst these nations fought against the axis powers a plethora of events were occurring in the Middle East during World War II. Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine all had a role during this duration of time and were all affected by the events that the war brought about. Although there was much fighting in other parts of the world, the Middle East countries during World War II were busy being pro axis or neutral. This meant that the countries were either coinciding with the axis powers or they had been taken over by a higher power. For example, Egypt was pro axis before the war, but became neutral due to King Farouk conceding to British command over Egypt’s government. Like Egypt, Iraq was pro axis, and their pro axis sentiment was tied to anti-British. This did not sit well with the British and they invaded Iraq and occupied it until 1947. Since the British were occupying Iraq, their army could station and transit troops through Iraq, which was an exceptionally, outstanding advantage to have during the war. Syria, on the other hand, was governed by the Vichy forces after the fall of France. Once France became free, Syria and Lebanon were supposed to be free too, due to an arrangement that had been made. It was hard to accomplish freeing Syria and Lebanon. The power to carry off such a reoccupation was difficult for France, so the independence of Syria and Lebanon was not recognized till the end of the war. Meanwhile in Palestine, Jews were arriving in waves in the hope of fleeing the Nazis. Military organizations such as Haganah, IZL, and Stern Gang were very active in the region. Illegal immigrations of Jews into Palestine were often carried out with these military organizations’ assistance. Immigration restrictions on the White Paper of 1939 were violated due to the wave of Jews arriving illegally in Palestine. The move of the Jews paved the way for the creation of Israel. Palestine was then set up to become a battlefield due to the immigration of the Jews. Not only were places in the Middle East being occupied, but locations around the region of the West began to be occupied by Germans. Austria, Poland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Luxembourg, Belgium, and parts of the Soviet Union were only a few of the places in the West occupied by the Germans during World War II. The occupation of these countries was a horrid time, but the liberation and end of these occupations was an occasion that would be forever remembered in history to come. On March 12, 1938, Austria became the first nation that was annexed by Nazi Germany. Austrian Nazis conspired several times to capture the Austrian government and connect with Nazi Germany. Austria’s Chancellor Kurt von Schuschnigg met with Adolf Hitler with hopes of confirming Austria’s independence, but returned with Austrian Nazis added to his cabinet. Schuschnigg called for a vote on annexation, but before anything could take place, Schuschnigg gave in to the pressure and resigned shortly after. He pleaded for his country not to resist any German advances into the country. The following day, German troops accompanied by Hitler entered Austria. Hitler allotted a Nazi government to rule and the annexation was proclaimed. Austria continued as a federal state of Germany until the conclusion of the War; the Allies declared the Anschluss void and reinstated Austria. By the summer of the same year of annexation, the Mauthausen camp was established, it was the main Nazi camp in the country. The Germans entitled the camp a category III camp, representing the harsh regimen and punishment. Thousands of prisoners were worked to death because of the harsh punishments including forced labor work like carrying heavy solid stone slabs up 186 steps near the camp. On November 1938, Kristallnacht or Night of Broken Glass, began when synagogues in the capital were destroyed and burned. Jewish buildings and businesses were ravaged and vandalized, and then the Jews were taken to the Dachau or Buchenwald camps. The reaction external to Germany on Kristallnacht was astonishment and outrage, making a storm of negative publicity in tabloids and among radio reporters that attended to isolate Hitler\’s Germany from the civilized nations and deteriorate any pro-Nazi attitudes in those countries. Following Kristallnacht, the United States withdrew its ambassador permanently. Another of the countries mentioned that was occupied by Germany was Poland. Poland had many difficulties withstanding their country because so many of their neighboring countries had succumbed to war. With their weak economy, Poland was unable to protect their country from invaders. Germany and the Soviet Union had a non-aggression treaty towards each other, but the countries became divided in 1939. After this happened, Germany attacked the Soviet Union during the summer of 1941 in order to become the sole occupier of Poland. Many people want to blame Germany for their cruelty towards the Polish Jews and other citizens, but the Soviet Union also was involved in abusing the citizens of Poland, who they were occupying over at this time. Although many Jews were killed in concentration camps, there were also many casualties that resulted from the horrible mentality of the Germans and Soviets. About 5.7 million Polish citizens were killed by the German occupiers, and only one hundred and fifty thousand Polish were murdered by the Soviet Union during their few years as occupiers. Clearly, the Germans were extremely more abusive than the Soviets, but any death is worthy of punishment. The Polish showed their resistance by organizing uprisings and riots to show their imprisoners that they were tired of being abused emotionally and physically. These uprisings include the ones in Warsaw where both the Ghetto citizens and the non-Jewish people rose up against their oppressors. The uprising of the Warsaw Ghetto began on April 19, 1943 when the inhabitants refused to obey their orders, and in retaliation, police commander SS-Brigadefà ¼hrer Jà ¼rgen Stroop ordered the burning of the entire Ghetto. The last German troops were expelled from Poland thanks to the Red Army in March 1945, weeks before the final allied victory over Europe. France was another area occupied by Nazi Germany. The end of their occupation would not come until the summer of 1944. France was liberated b y the successful allied operations called Overlord and Dragoon. Czechoslovakia was another country that became occupied by Germany in World War II, but the country was actually handed over to Germany peacefully. The Munich Pact was signed by, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, French Premier Edouard Daladier, and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain. The Munich Pact was an agreement that handed over a portion of Czechoslovakia that contained voluminous amounts of German speakers, and this section of Czechoslovakia is what the German military began occupying in 1938. In March of 1938, the complete and total conquest of Czechoslovakia became Hitler’s next ambition. During late March, Czechoslovakia succumbed to German occupation because they were weak after the annexation of the German part of the country called the Sudetenland. The Germans rule would come to an end following the March 1945 Rhine Rivers crossing that precipitated the U.S. Army’s involvement with Czech oslovakia. Finally, the Czechoslovakians were freed after six long years of occupation in April of 1945. In 1938, France joined Great Britain in an attempt to appease Nazi aggression. France signed the Munich Pact and helped give Germany â€Å"permission† to invade the Sudeten territories of Czechoslovakia. It was soon clear that this attempt at appeasement failed. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, France declared war. France\’s war against Germany did not last long. On June 22, 1940, France surrendered to Germany. France was occupied by the Germans until 1944. June 6 of that year was D-day. A massive Allied force invaded the beaches of Normandy. D-Day, also referred to as â€Å"The Invasion of Normandy†, is considered by some to be the turning point of the twentieth century. D-Day occurred on June 6, 1944 when troops of mostly American, British, and Canadian origin landed on the beaches of Normandy, France. Originally, D-Day was set for June 5, but had to be postponed because of inclement weather. In the military, the phrase â€Å"D-Day† simply represents a day of which an operation or combat attack is intended to transpire; however, the most acclaimed D-Day would be the Invasion of Normandy. The Allied troops landed on the beaches of Normandy with the intent of liberating France and the rest of northwest Europe from German occupation. There were 156,000 soldiers who landed on the coastline, but by the end of the invasion ten thousand soldiers were either killed, wounded, or decl ared missing. D-Day was and continues to be the largest amphibious assault in all of history-virtually flooding the coast of Normandy with ships. An amphibious assault is an offensive military operation using naval ships to deliver the troops to the hostile shore or landing beach. The codename for this invasion of France was â€Å"Operation Overlord†. The overall commander for this operation was American General Dwight Eisenhower. Fifty miles of coastline in Normandy, France were used for this assault with the coastline on which the soldiers landed divided into five sections. The code names for these sectors of coastline were: Omaha Beach, Utah Beach, Sword Beach, Juno Beach, and Gold Beach. Many lives were lost on these beaches, over three thousand fatalities at Omaha beach alone. Operation Overlord ended on August 19, 1944 when the Allies crossed the River Seine. In total, 425,000 troops, Allied and German were either killed, wounded, or missing by the end of D-day invasion . Another country that became occupied by Germans was Denmark. Denmark was conquered by Germany on April 9, 1940, although Hitler was not interested in the country itself but more so for control and its air bases for future attacks on Norway. Also, Denmark was to be together with Germany to prevent an Allied invasion. Denmark was relatively easy to take over and was not a challenge, considering the soldiers’ defense lasting only a few hours and then quickly surrendered. Denmark’s government negotiated with the German invasion forces on easy terms. Because the Danish were easy to cooperate with and Germany\’s absence of interest in Denmark, the occupation went quite serenely at first. The administration stayed in office and government remained mainly in Danish hands, although the police were obliged to accommodate with the Germans. Although Denmark’s population was obviously against the occupation, there was a need to handle the condition in a pragmatic manner. This era, branded the â€Å"politics of cooperation†, continued until 1943. One of the great successes out of the peaceful collaboration was that the Danish Jews were not mistreated or wronged throughout this time. By 1943, Denmark had become dissatisfied with the Germans and turned to strikes. The Germans in response tried to impose the death penalty but failed when the Danish government refused. On August 28, the cooperation between the two countries ended, and by October all the Jews were to be deported. This was ultimately prevented when the Jewish populations were transported to Sweden, where they were safe. When the statement of freedom was broadcasted on the radio on May 4, 1945, people everywhere assembled into the streets waving their countries’ flags. Denmark was liberated by the British forces by the following day, but shortly after, the island of Bornholm was occupied by the Russian Army and not liberated until 1946. Austria was occupied by Soviet and American forces during April and May 1945. The Holocaust lasted until 1945, where liberations of the camps slowly removed Hitler from authority. By the culmination of the War, there were an estimated 50,000 to 100,000 survivors who lived in occupied Europe. Since many survivors saw it impossible to return home, the Allies powers created what is present day Israel as a permanent homeland for Jewish survivors in 1948. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republic, or U.S.S.R. for short, became involved in World War II when it was invaded by Nazi Germany on June 22,1941. Ironically, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany had signed a peace agreement in 1939 promising to avoid conflict. In this pact, called the German-Soviet Nonagression Pact, they agreed to not attack each other when World War II began and for the next ten years. Articles have stated that the reason Soviet leader Joseph Stalin signed the Nonagression Pact was to keep his nation on peaceful terms with Germany, and in addition, give his country time to make its military larger and more powerful. Adolf Hitler signed this pact for the Germans because he wanted to assure that the Germans could invade Poland unopposed. The pact was broken in June of 1941 when Nazi forces invaded the Soviet Union. This secret military offensive, known by the codename Operation Barbarossa, covered a distance of two thousand miles. The Germans had a strong, reliable, a nd vast army for this invasion and they were extremely confident they could defeat the Soviets with ease. However, they were proven wrong. The inability of the Germans to defeat the Soviet Union in this invasion marked a critical juncture in World War II, as the Soviet triumph weakened the German military effort and rallied the Allies. In July of 1942, the Soviet Union was yet again invaded by Nazi Germany in the Battle of Stalingrad. The Russians were determined to defend the city of Stalingrad because it served as a vital industrial and transportation center. This battle stopped the German advancement into the Soviet Union, and was a catalyst that turned the tide of the war in favor of the Allied forces. This battle was one of the bloodiest in Russian history, and is regarded as one of that country’s greatest military victories. Belgium was also an additional country that became occupied by Nazi Germany. With all the suffering that transpired in World War I, King Leopold III and the citizens of Belgium desired to be left out of World War II. Belgium was unbiased until the Germans captured their country. On May 10, 1940, Belgium was imprisoned by the Nazis. The citizens of Belgium resisted confinement; they were inexorably defeated. The Jews began to be persecuted in Belgium due to the invasion of Germans. Belgium was captured to be a location for the Germans to operate. Since Belgium borders France, Germany assumed that being situated in Belgium would provide an improved opportunity to invade. Saboteurs destroyed major railways that led from Germany to France. Belgium had a colony in the Congo of Africa where it had access to masses of uranium. Belgium gave a quantity of this uranium to the United States for the manufacturing of an atomic bomb. In 1944, Belgium was liberated from the Germans. The imprisonmen t by the Germans traumatized Belgium as a country along with the residents. Germany halted exports of coke to the Luxembourg steel industry which made Luxembourg slightly hostile. Although Luxembourg was impartial, the country was captured by the Nazis on May 10, 1940. Germany captured Luxembourg to have an additional base to maneuver off of; this would enable a better opportunity to attack France. The royal family and the government evacuated to Canada, so Gustav Simon took control over the government in Luxembourg. He ridded the Luxembourg citizens of anything that was French. Citizens were informed to not use French greetings any longer. People were not permitted to wear French berets. Several Jews were extradited to Spain and France, but those countries rejected them too. Other Jews were relocated to concentration camps. The Germans cleared all Jews out of Luxembourg. The additional non-Jewish citizens went about their daily existence. They sustained their routines and anticipated every day to be liberated. Luxembourg was liberated on September 10, 1944. The citizens and the country were overwhelmed by the Germans capture and interrogation. Switzerland was a neutral nation for both World War I and World War II. This allowed them to concern themselves with protecting their own country and inhabitants, while also serving as a neutral territory. Several historians claim that Switzerland remains prodigious because they allowed their country to be a safe haven for refugees, but in truth, the Swiss government laid out many restrictions towards the refugees and a countless amount were turned away. A person could not find refuge in Switzerland unless they were under personal threat because of their political activities; refugees could not enter Switzerland if they were escaping discrimination over their race, religion, or ethnicity, but eventually, Switzerland gave 300,000 refugees access to their designated refugee areas. They accepted about 27,000 Jews, and this act saved numerous lives. It seems much happened in the West during World War II. The Middle East had a wide assortment of conflicts and the end of many occupations in the West took place. In Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine, many exploits occurred. The end of occupations in countries inhabiting the West had a lot of fighting, killing, and freedoms. Without everything that occurred in the West, history today would be forever changed. Hitler became chairman of the German Worker’s Party in 1921. Adolf Hitler and a Nazi paramilitary organization stormed a communal conference in a beer hall announcing that a novel government was emergent. In conclusion of his actions, Hitler was apprehended afterwards and placed in a penitentiary for a year where he composed the earliest volume of his book, Mein Kampf. This book illustrates Hitler’s strategies to convert Germany into a one race nation. In 1932, Hitler competed for presidency two times. He lost both times to Paul von Hindenburg. After coming in second place, Hitler was designated chancellor. By the uprisings, Hitler and his organization had performed, the other parties were completely intimidated, and on July 14, 1933, Hitler’s Nazi Party was the only officially permitted political party in Germany. An original decree was established stating that the presidential powers were now coalesced with the chancellor powers, so when Hindenburg died, Hitler obtained unmitigated power. The Night of the Long Knives occurred on June 30, 1934 which was the assassination of people that Hitler considered would be a threat in the future. Adolf Hitler endorsed anti-smoking campaigns. He believed in eating healthy; people’s bodies should remain unpolluted. He did not imbibe alcohol or consume meat. Adolf commenced segregating people by constructing innovative regulations where Jews could not marry non-Jews. Persecutions and exterminations transpired throughout the Holocaust if an individual happened to be Jewish, Polish, a communist, a homosexual, a Jehovah’s Witness, or a trade unionist. There are rumors about Hitler’s religion. Some people state he had Jewish or African background. One of the stories was that his father was the illegitimate child of a woman that was a maid for a wealthy Jewish man. In 1939, Germans attempted the blitzkrieg against Poland first. They corroborated it would succeed; then it was executed on Belgium, the Netherlands, and France in 1940. The residents in Germany during World War II had grocery allowances. With the provisions being rationed, various people had more victuals during rationing than they had previously. There was a scarcity of petroleum in Germany. People were permitted to utilize warm water twice a week to manage the quantity of fuel depleted. Soap was an additional article that was limited; furthermore, there was no toilet paper. The black market thrived during World War II, since denizens were exchanging regulated merchandise. In September 1940, children were advised to evacuate Berlin, but the majority did not vacate. Germans wanted women to have more children, so the population could proliferate. Additionally, Germans exhorted women to labor more, but the Germans were ineffective. After World War II, the nation and the populace of Germany were devastated. It took an extensive period for Germany to recuperate from the downfall of the nation. Hitler did not only ensue devastation upon the regions that were occupied by German forces. He has done many horrifying things to countries that were never taken over by his army. One of the wickedest things Hitler accomplished was the bombing of London, but there are many other things as well. Not only did he plunge a bomb down on London, he dropped thousands of them, and the first penetration was on September 7, 1940 when about 350 German bombers appeared above London being accompanied by 650 fighters. This bombing alone devastated London, but there was far worse to come in the future. In the first attack alone, over 450 inhabitants were slaughtered and 1,300 were sincerely injured, and while London was still picking up the pieces from the night before, Hitler and his men struck again. They did the same precise thing every single night for two whole months, and the people of London assumed it would never end. On December 29, nineteen churches were demolished; furthermore, this was a Sunday. Overall, around 30,000 bombs were dropped on London, and the first thirty days 6,000 people were killed. This overwhelmed London for a long time, but the occurrences ultimately ceased in May of 1941. Now London had to pick up what was left of their population or attempt to, but it would prove to take an extremely extensive period to get to where they were. Hitler supposed that defeating London from the air would devastate them, but they awaited patiently for it to stop and took it as it. Hitler did some horrifying things to many countries and their inhabitants, and some people blame it on his childhood. Evil was inside of him the day he was born, and the day he killed himself. The North African Campaign began in June of 1940, the campaign lasted for three years, ending during May of 1943. When the North African Campaign commenced, The Axis and Allied powers were fighting nonstop, back and forth in northern Africa. The region that is considered to be North Africa included Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Morocco, and parts of the Sahara Desert. The North African Campaign was comprised of three phases, the Western Desert Campaign, Operation Torch, and the Tunisia Campaign. The Western Desert Campaign was the opening conflict. The Axis and Allied powers fought during this campaign in the countries of Libya and Egypt. This battle was launched when Italian General Rodolfo Graziani invaded Egypt. The Western Campaign was consisted of constant battling between the Axis powers and the Allied powers. The next phase following the Western Campaign was Operation Torch. Operation Torch involved the British and United States military forces launching an amphibious maneuver in French North Africa. The French retained control over two territories, Algeria and Morocco. These territories were the location for the landing of this operation. This battle had the code name â€Å"Torch†, this name was the result of many long arguments between the American and British strategists. These planners struggled to make a decision about the future course of action for the Allies. These arguments were ultimately settled by President Franklin Roosevelt with the decision to in vade North Africa. President Roosevelt worked together with British Prime Minister Winston Church Hill during this operation. Torch’s impact was important to the outcome of the war and was later recognized as one of the most significant strategic decision the Allied leaders would make. The next phase of the North African Campaign was the Tunisia Campaign. The Allies began this assault with another amphibious landing in eastern Tunisia in January, 1943. The German General, Erwin Rommel was cut off from his supply bases by the Americans and the British during his attempt to stall them with his defensive operations. The Axis powers were outgunned and outnumbered. The Allies made steady advances by forcing the Axis troops into a pocket along the northern Tunisian coast. The Allies captured the last remaining Axis port and six days after this occurred the Axis army surrendered. This left 267,000 German and Italian soldiers as prisoners of war. During the entire North African Campaign, 220,00 British and American soldiers were lost, while the German and Italians suffered 620,000 casualties. This Allied victory was critically important to the course of this War. The win in North Africa removed the Axis threat to middle eastern oil fields and also their threat to the Briti sh supply lines into Asia and Africa. The reign of Nazi Germany must have certainly felt like an eternity to the groups of people who were negatively affected by its power, but the power and control that the Nazis had accumulated did eventually wean. There were many factors to the fall of Nazi Germany, including attacks made against Germany as the government was growing weaker and the death of Hitler. The Battle of Berlin was the last major offensive of World War II leading up to Hitler’s suicide. During the Battle of Berlin, which began on April 16, 1945 and ended on May 2, 1945, Hitler assimilated himself into an underground bunker that was fifty feet below the Nazi headquarters in Berlin. The Red Army fought forces containing the German Army for control of the capital city of Nazi Germany. He married Eva Braun, whilst inside the bunker, on April 29, 1945. Multiple families of important Nazi officials joined the couple in the bunker. One of the families elected to have their children killed by cyanide. Hitler instigated the testing of cyanide pills on the family dog and its puppies. Both the doctor and Hitler desired that the pills would not fail if needed to commit suicide. When Hitler inquired the opinion of the doctor on the proper way to commit suicide, the doctor advocated a cyanide pill and gunshot at the same time. On April 30, 1945, after Soviet troops overcame the street-to-street combat in Berlin Hitler nad Braun committed suicide in the bunker. Eyewitness accounts claim that only one gunshot was heard from the room where Hitler and Eva planned to kill themselves in. A few minutes after the shot was heard, a few people, who were living in the bunker at this time, decided to open the door and see if Hitler and his wife were dead. There were no pictures taken at the site of Hitler and Eva’s death. Historians must believe the written accounts of spectators because there is no real evidence of Hitler’s death. Witnesses claimed to have seen Hitler, with his head on a table, holding a gun in his hand, and Eva sitting in a chair facing Hitler with a cyanide pill coursing through her body. Adolf and Eva Hitler were known as dead throughout the world, but their companions in the bunker seized their bodies and burned them upon request by Hitler. The Russians were ordered to find the body of Hitler in order to be sure he was dead, but the bodies were not discovered until May of 1945. From the 4th through the 8th of May, most of the remaining German armed forces in Europe surrendered which led to the end of World War II. The surrender document was signed on the 7th of May, 1945 in a Reims, France schoolhouse, which was being used as General Dwight Eisenhower’s temporary headquarters. The document was signed by Alfred Jodl, who was representing Admiral Doenitz at the meeting. The document was required to be printed out in the following four different languages: English, French, German, and Russian. Copies of the document had to be sent to London, Paris, and Moscow for approval. Press attended the meeting and took many pictures and took note of things that were said. It was noted that after Alfred Jodl signed the document, he addressed the crowd in the room and said, â€Å"I want to say a word. With this signature the German people and the German armed forces are for better or worse delivered into the victor’s hands. In this war, which has lasted more than five years, they both have achieved and suffered more than perhaps any other people in the world. In this hour I can only express the hope that the victor will treat them with generosity.† No one in the crowd had a response, and most of the Germans quietly left the room. After World War II in Europe was over, the impression that the war left on many of the Europeans who were affected by it remained intact, and the horrifying aftermath was a reminder of how hard life really was during the war. 54 million people as a result of the Holocaust. Another 60 million were uprooted from their homes. There were 11 million displaced persons, and there were more civilians killed than troops. 100,000 Jewish people were left to roam, and many of them travelled back to their home country. â€Å"Hitlerism† still lingered throughout Europe, and West Germany and East Germany were separated. The Nuremberg Trials were a series of 13 trials in Nuremberg, Germany. Starting on November 20, 1945 and ending on October 1, 1946. These trials were brought about so that the Nazi war criminals would face justice and be punished for the crimes they have committed against humanity. The defendants included Nazi Party officers, lawyers, and doctors. They were indicted on crimes against humanity and peace. Since Hitler was an important political leader, he had multiple decoys to insure his safety, but this can cause problems when looking for the real body of Hitler. Many historians believe that Hitler escaped Germany and fled to Argentina. There is a large Nazi presence in the small villages of Argentina. There are photographs were the Nazi flag can be seen being flown at many small schools. The Nazi Youth was a big organization, and it held a large manifestation in South Ameri